Term
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Definition
| Being too heavy for one's height or having a BMI of 25-29. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characterized by excess body fat or a BMI over 30. |
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Term
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Definition
| Body Mass Index - a calculation of body fat based on a person's height and weight. |
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Term
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Definition
| When energy consumed equals energy expenditure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Secondary stored energy. Primarily in the Liver and muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| A Monosaccaride (Simple Sugar). Stored in primarily in body fluids. |
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Term
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Definition
| a family of compounds that includes triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. Lipids are characterized by their insolubility in water. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
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Definition
| The rate of energy use for metabolism under specified conditions: after a 12-hour fast and restful sleep, without any physical activity or emotional excitement, and in a comfortable setting. It is usually expressed as kcalories per kilogram body weight per hour. |
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Term
| Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) |
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Definition
| Similar to the BMR, a measure of the energy use a person at rest in a comfortable setting, but with less stringent criteria for recent food intake and physical activity. The RMR is slightly higher than the BMR. |
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Term
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Definition
| The energy needed to maintain life when a body is at complete digestive, physical, and emotional rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| The body minus its fat content. |
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Term
| Thermic effect of food (TEF) |
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Definition
| An estimation of the energy required to process food (digest, absorb, transport, metabolize, and store ingested nutrients); also called the specific dynamic effect (SDE) of food or the specific dynamic activity (SDA) of food. |
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Term
| Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) |
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Definition
| The sum of the TEF and any increase in the metabolic rate due to overeating. |
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Term
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Definition
| Adjustments in energy expenditure related to change in environment such as extreme cold and to physiological events such as overfeeding, trauma, and changes in hormone status. |
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Term
| Measuring Energy Expenditure (Three Methods) |
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Definition
1. Direct calorimetry: amount of heat given off.
2. Indirect Calorimetry: O2 breathed in vs CO2 breathed out.
3. Doubly-labeled water: person is given water with labeled isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. The rate at which both leave is measured. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chief form of fat in the diet and the major storage form of fat in the body; composed of a molecule of glycerol with three fatty acids attached. |
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Term
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Definition
| The proportions of muscle, bone, fat and other tissue that make up a person's total body weight. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fat stored within the abdominal cavity in association with the internal abdominal organs, as opposed to the fat stored directly under the skin (subcutaneous fat). |
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