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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Calcium phosphate complex that forms crystalline salts within the matrix of bone and teeth |
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Definition
| Amount of nutrient available to the body based on its absorption |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions in which the pressure attempts to diminish a structure's volume, which usually increases density |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluoride containing crystalline substances produced during bone and tooth development; resistant to acid |
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Definition
| Hypominerlization of enamel |
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Term
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Definition
| Inorganic component of bones and teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive levels of Ca in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficient levels of calcium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Deposition of inorganic minerals on an organic matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| resorbed bone in microscopic cavites |
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Term
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Definition
| Young bone that has not undergone calcification |
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Term
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Definition
| Age-related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass, causing bones to be more susceptible to fractures |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of infections and lesions affecting tissues that form the attachment apparatus of a tooth or teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| Plant chemicals that can stimulate estrogen function |
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Term
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Definition
| Resorption and reformation of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Condition resulting from vit D deficiency, especially in infancy and childhood, resulting in disturbance of normal bone formation |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions in which the pressure stretches or strains the structure |
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Term
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Definition
| Neuromuscular disorder of uncontrollable muscular cramps and tremors |
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Term
Meats are good sources of phosphorus
T/F |
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Definition
True
Because phosphorus is found in nearly all foods containing Calcium and/or protein it is very unlikely that a person would be def in this mineral |
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Term
The only nutrients essential for strong healthy bones are calcium and phosphorus?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Adequate amounts of Ca, phosphorus, and vit D intake is important in bone formation and maintenance |
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Term
Tooth exfoliation may be an oral sign of osteoporosis?
T/F |
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Definition
T
Loss of Ca in the alveolar bone could contribute to tooth loss |
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Term
Systemic fluoride causes changes in tooth morphology that increase caries resistance?
T/F |
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Definition
True
Fluoride ions can replace hydroxyl ions in the hydroxyapatite crystal lattice. The fluorapatite is less soluble and makes the tooth more resistant to acid |
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Term
To obtain adequate calcium, a teenager needs to drink 2 cups of milk a day?
T/F |
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Definition
False
4 1/2 cups a day
table 8-1 pg 148 and table 8-2 pg 150 |
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Term
All women should take Ca supplements to prevent osteoporosis?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Calcium absorption is increased when a sugar is present?
T/F |
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Definition
True
Carbs
(ie lactose and glucose) |
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Term
Caffeine intake might decrease Ca loss?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Caffeine decrease the ability of the body to absorb Ca |
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Term
All bottled water contains fluoride?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Feeding delivered in a liquid form through a tube for patients unable to ingest nutritients orally |
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Term
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Definition
| Greenish yellow pigmented ring encircling the cornea...copper deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease of the heart muscle resulting from the deficiency of selenium found in women and children |
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Term
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Definition
| resemb; severe psychotic and neuromuscular symptoms that resembles parkinsons |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances released by the nerve to excite or inhibit further transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal bone development |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Total parenteral nutrition
(TPN) |
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Definition
| Nutrition provided in a special liquid mixture through the vein for pt's that cannot digest/absorb food through the digestive tract |
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Term
The institute of med (IOM) has established ULs for copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Due to the lack of data |
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Term
Lead in dental enamel can be used to determine environmental exposure to to lead?
T/F |
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Definition
True
Excessive lead exposure can be seen as a pitting in tooth structure. Lead can be incorperated into the skelatal or tooth structure. Milk binds to lead. |
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Term
Copper is important in the formation of collagen?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Copper is essential in RBC formation |
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Term
Aluminum toxicity causes Alzheimer's disease?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Selenium functions as an antioxidant?
T/F |
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Definition
True and False
It works as a cofactor with vit E to be an antioxidant |
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Term
Refined food are good sources of traces minerals?
T/F |
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Definition
True
Generally refined food provide higher levels of trace mnerals than unrefined food |
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Term
Aluminum is cariogenic?
T/F |
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Definition
True.....
by increasing the effect of fluoride
Aluminum seems to be harmful in high doses but increase the cariogenic effect of fluoride. |
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Term
The function of many trace elements present in the enamel and dentin is unknown?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Sugar is a good source of chromium?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Chromium can be found in complex carbs |
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Term
Selenium supplements are a good way to increase longevity?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Although is has been show to have antioxidant abilities |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex to signal the kidney to retain sodium and water, and excrete potassium and hydrogen ions; ultimately causing edema and high blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Ion carrying a neg charge as a result of an acculation of electrons |
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Term
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
| Hormone released by the pituitary gland to act on the kidneys to control urine output |
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Term
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Definition
| ion carrying a positive charge as a result of a deficiency of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| Result of inadequate iodine intake leading to mental deficitent children |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| High BP with an unknown cause |
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Term
| Extracellular Fluid (ECF) |
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Definition
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Term
| Fluid volume deficit (FVD) |
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Definition
| Equal amount of sodium and water loss in relation to their gains |
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Term
| Fluid volume excess (FVE) |
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Definition
| Equal amount of sodium and water gained in relation to their loss |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic enlargement of the thyroid gland occuring most frequently in areas with low iodine in the soil |
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Term
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Definition
| Naturally occuring substances in foods that interfere with the synthesis of thyroid hormone production; may cause goiter if concumed in high amounts |
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Term
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Definition
| iron provided from animal sources |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| elevated levels of potassium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevated levels of sodium |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Lowered levels of sodium in the blood |
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Term
| Intracellular Fluid (ICF) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Slits or wrinkles that extend the length of the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Iron provided by plant sources; less efficiently absorbed heme iron |
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Term
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Definition
| Neurons in the hypothalamus that are stimulated by increased osmolality, enhancing the release of ADH |
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Term
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Definition
| Extremities ie legs and arms |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme synthesized in the kidney and released in response to low blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Dissoved substances in fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid in which substances are dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
| serum protein that transports iron in the blood |
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Term
Thirst is the primary regulator of fluid intake
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Meats are more than half water
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Water is the most abundant component in the body?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Heme iron is provided by meat sources and its more readily absorbed than iron from vegetable or grain products?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Normal fluid requirements are eight 8oz cups of water daily?
T/F |
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Definition
False
3.7L per day for men
2.7L per day for women |
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Term
The RDA for sodium is 5000mg per day
T/F |
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Definition
FALSE
2000mg or 1tsp salt |
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Term
Taste alteration is a symptom of zinc deficiency?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Potassium is principally found in extracellular fluid?
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
Broccoli is a good source of potassium?
T/F |
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Definition
False
Milk is the #1 source of potassium |
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Term
Oral pallor is associated with iodine deficiency?
T/F |
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Definition
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