Term
| What percent of a healthy adult’s body is fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary reason we sweat? |
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Definition
| To cool the body and maintain normal body temperature. |
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Term
| Is iron a major or trace mineral? |
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Definition
| It is a trace mineral. The body needs less than 18 mg daily. |
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Term
| What is the average number of days a human can survive without water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What health condition is associated with having a diet high in sodium? |
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Definition
| High blood pressure, otherwise known as hypertension |
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Term
| What are ways a person can lower the sodium in their diet? |
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Definition
| Avoid processed foods, canned foods, pickled foods, and eat more fresh unprocessed foods. |
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Term
| What mineral is associated with lowering blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the majority of the body’s phosphorus stored? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is most vulnerable to dehydration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of foods are typically high in sodium? |
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Definition
| Processed, canned, and pickled foods |
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Term
| Are fruits and vegetables a rich source of sodium or potassium? |
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Definition
| Fruits and vegetables are high in potassium (K+) |
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Term
| What percentage of American adults over age 65 has hypertension? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is hypertension referred to as the silent killer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does our body have a defense against free radicals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What diseases have been linked to free radical damage? |
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Definition
| Cancer, heart disease, diabetes, cataracts, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s |
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Term
| What are the plant compounds which stabilize free radicals called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What foods are good sources of Vitamin E? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the deficiency disease associated with Vitamin C called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What foods will increase the absorption of iron from supplements? |
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Definition
| Fruit juice or foods with vitamin C |
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Term
| Which increases a person’s need for Vitamin C, smoking or drinking? |
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Definition
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Term
| What foods other than oranges are rich in Vitamin C? |
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Definition
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Term
| Selenium is used for the synthesis of what hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What dietary choices may reduce the risk for cancer? |
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Definition
| More fruits and vegetables. Diets low in saturated fat. |
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Term
| Are phytochemicals found in plant or animal food sources? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following produce free radicals
a. normal metabolism
b. air pollution
c. smoking
d. all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
| What do antioxidants neutralize? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the spongy bone found on the ends of long bones called? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does bone growth and modeling start? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which bone cell is responsible for building bone tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most abundant mineral in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| 99% of calcium is stored where in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of blood calcium? |
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Definition
| Nerve impulse and muscle contraction |
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Term
| How much calcium can the average person absorb at one time? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do humans obtain Vitamin D? |
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Definition
| Sunlight and fortified food, typically milk |
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Term
| Insufficient Vitamin D is associated with what in children? What about in adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Vitamin K’s primary role in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does caffeine consumption increase risk for osteoporosis? what about alcohol, smoking and low intake of calcium? |
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Definition
| Yes, caffeine does. Alcohol does if not drank in moderation and smoking also contributes to osteoporosis. Of course, low intake of Ca+ causes osteoporosis. |
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Term
| What is Dowagers hump and what is it associated with? |
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Definition
| Knot on the back of the neck of a person with osteoporosis |
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Term
| What risk factors can a person modify to reduce risk of Osteoporosis? |
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Definition
| Body weight. Diet and lifestyle choices like smoking and exercise. |
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Term
| What dietary supplements are recommended to minimize bone loss? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary role or function of the B complex vitamins? |
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Definition
| They function as coenzymes |
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Term
| What was the first B complex vitamin discovered (the name)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are our best dietary sources of thiamin? |
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Definition
| Enriched breads, cereals, and pork. |
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Term
| Pellagra was first seen in populations that consumed what grain primarily? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary source of folic acid in today’s American diet? |
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Definition
| Fortified breads and cereals, and enriched flour, also added to rice |
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Term
| Folic acid is needed for proper cell division; therefore, it is critical for embryo health. What defect can occur if folate deficiency occurs during or before pregnancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Homocysteine is associated with what when high levels are found in the blood stream? What nutrient helps to keep this from occurring? |
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Definition
| Associated with cardiovascular disease and B12. Folate and B6 keep this from occurring. |
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Term
| The chronic over consumption of what can cause a biotin deficiency? |
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Definition
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Term
| Iodide is essential for the synthesis of what hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What foods should you avoid eating at the same time as taking an iron supplement? |
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Definition
| Foods high in calcium, like dairy products. |
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Term
| What is the thermic effect of food? |
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Definition
| The calories the body burns to digest, and absorb food. |
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Term
| What is leptin and where is it produced? |
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Definition
| Hormone that regulates hunger. It is produced in fat cells. |
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Term
| What diseases are associated with having an apple shaped fat pattern or body type? |
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Definition
| Heart disease and diabetes |
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Term
| How much physical activity is recommended for adults? Children? |
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Definition
| According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 30 minutes most all days of the week. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ratio of weight to height |
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Term
| What is BMR? What is the primary determinant of a person’s BMR? |
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Definition
| Calories needed for body function. Main determinant is lean tissue. |
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Term
| What is the difference between appetite and hunger? |
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Definition
| Appetite is psychological. Hunger is physiological. |
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Term
| What is behavior modification? |
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Definition
| The alteration of human behavior using basic learning techniques such as positive or negative reinforcement (as in rewards and punishments). |
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Term
| Which plays a larger role in obesity, Diet and activity or genetics? |
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Definition
| Genetics only accounts for 25% |
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Term
| What risks are associated with being underweight? |
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Definition
| Increased risk for infection, fertility problems, and osteoporosis. |
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Term
| Define Metabolic Syndrome |
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Definition
| Having 3 or more disorders related to metabolism. Obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. |
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Term
| What is a healthy BMI range? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is a better predictor of healthy weight, BMI or body composition? |
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Definition
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