Term
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Definition
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Term
| Chemical substances that perform specific functions in the body |
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Definition
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Term
| chemical substances, including many vitamins, that activate specific enzymes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- helps body release engery from carbohydrates ingestion
- facilitates growth & maintenance of nerve & muscle tissues
- promotes normal appetitie
- 1.1mg women
- 1.2mg men
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Term
- helps body capture and use energy released from carbs, proteins, and fats
- aids in cell division
- promotes growth and tissue repair
- promotes normal vision
- women - 1.1mg
- men - 1.3mg
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Definition
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Term
| primary function of niacin b3 |
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Definition
- helps body capture & use energy released by carbs, fats and proteins
- assists in manufacture of body fats
- helps maintain normal nervous system functions
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Term
| consequences of defficiency of niacin |
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Definition
| Pellagra: the niacin-deficiency disease |
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Term
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Definition
| flushing, headache, cramps,rapid heart-beat, nausea, diarrhea, decreased liver function - 0.5g |
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Term
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Definition
- meats
- grains
- dried beans
- milk
- ready to eat cereal
- coffee
- potatoes
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Term
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Definition
| high doses raised hdl; lower ldl & tryclicerides |
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Term
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Definition
- needed for reactions that utilize amino acidsfor protein tussue fomation
- promotes normal fomation of read blood cell
- 400 mcg for men & women
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Term
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Definition
- neuroal tube defect, low birth weight, preterm delivery
- elevated blood leves of homocysteine
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Term
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Definition
| may cover up signs of B12 deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
- fortified, refined grain products
- cereals
- dark green leafy veg
- broccoli, brussels spouts
- oranges, bananas, grapefruit
- milk,
- dried beans
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Term
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Definition
- easily destroyed by heat
- fortified
- very low and very high intakes be related to cancer risk
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Term
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Definition
- nerve tissue
- protein tissues
- red blood cell development
- 2.4 mcg women & men
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Term
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Definition
- neuro disorders
- pernicious anemia
- fatigue
- elevated blood level of homocysteine
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Term
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Definition
| temporary feeling of heightened energy |
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Term
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Definition
- animal products
- milk
- ready to eat cereals
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Term
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Definition
- old people & vegans at risk for vit defficiency
- some people genetically unable to absorb it
- found in animal products and microorganisms
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Term
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Definition
- needed to manufacture collagen
- helps the body fight infections, repair wounds
- acts as an antioxidant
- enhances iron absorption
- women 75mg
- men 90mg
- UL 2000
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Term
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Definition
- bleeding and bruising
- slow recovery from infections and poor wound healing
- fatigue and depression
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Term
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Definition
| 1g or > /daily can cause nausea, cramps, & diarrhea and may cause kidney stones |
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Term
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Definition
- fruits: citrus,strawberry, cantaloupe, kiwi, mango, papaya
- vegetables: broccoli, green and red pepers collards, cabbage, tomato potatos, asparagus
- fortified cereals
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Term
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Definition
- needs increases w/ smokers
- deficiency may develop w/in 3 wks of very low intake
- easily destroyed by heat and air exposure
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Term
| functions of beta-carodine |
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Definition
| acts as an antioxidant; prevents damage to cell membranes & contents of cells by repairing damage caused by free radicals |
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Term
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Definition
| deficiency disease related only to lack of vitamin A |
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Term
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Definition
- antioxidant
- reduces the ability of LDL to form plaque in arteries
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Term
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Definition
- > 800 UI/ daily may increase bleeding
- avoid use of asa, anticoagulants, or omega 3s
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Term
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Definition
- needed for absorption of calcium
- inhibits inflammation
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Term
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Definition
- weak, deformed bones (children)
- calcium loss
- increased cardio risk, T1&2 diabetes
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Term
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Definition
- mental retardation
- abnormal bone growth and formation
- nausea, diarrhea, irritability, wt loss
- deposition of calcium
- toxicity possible w/ doses 10000 IU daily
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Term
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Definition
- vitamin D fortified milk and margarin
- butter
- fish
- eggs
- mushrroms
- milk products
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Term
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Definition
- manufactured from cholesterol in cells
- poor D status appears to be common in all age groups
- breast-fed infants w/ little sun exposure benefit from D supplements
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Term
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Definition
- the year manufacturers started fortifying refined grains w/ folic acid
- blood levels nearly doubled; prevalent of poor folate status has declined by 84%
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