Term
| what is the main perpetrator in renal deterioration |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what are the causes of acute renal failure (4) |
|
Definition
sepsis
trauma
multiple organ failure
bloos loss |
|
|
Term
| what is the prognosis of acute renal failure (3) |
|
Definition
poor
mortality 40-80%
dialysis |
|
|
Term
| what nutritional imbalances does someone with acute renal failure have (8) |
|
Definition
rapid decrease in urine output
acidosis
electrlyte imbalances: hyperkalemia, hypophosphatemia
fluid disturbances
impaired g;ucose utilization
poor catabolism
accumulation of metabolic wastes |
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Term
| what are the types of kidney dilaysis |
|
Definition
hemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis |
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Term
| hemodialysis: how is it hooked up, how often is it done |
|
Definition
fistula connects an artery to a vein in the lower arm where a tube is placed
need to go to a dialysis venter 3x/week |
|
|
Term
| peritoneal dialysis: how is it set up, how does it work |
|
Definition
catheter is placed in abdomen where fluid enters the peritoneal cavity and extra fluid and wastes go from the peritoneal membrane into the dialysis fluid
dialysis fluid is drained and replaced with new fluid
can be done at home, no needles |
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Term
| what vitamins does someone with acute renal failure need, which should be limited, why |
|
Definition
water soluble supplementation is needed due to decreased intake and loss
vitamin c should be limited to prevent oxalate deposition |
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Term
| chronic renal failure causes (4) |
|
Definition
diabetic nephropathy
kidney disease
kidney infection
obstruction
hypertension |
|
|
Term
| what nutritional controls do there need to be in someone with chronic renal failure (3) |
|
Definition
too much Na can cause hypertension and edema
phosphorus effects bone health
K effects the heart |
|
|
Term
| what happens if someone with chronic renal failure dosen't go get their dialysis, besides toxic buildup |
|
Definition
| flid build up causes edema and difficult breathing due to lung accumulation |
|
|
Term
| what solution does someone with chronic renal failure get, why |
|
Definition
AA mix: 20% AA, 60% destrose, 20% lipids
it is a AA mix because losses in dialysis are 15g/day of AA |
|
|
Term
| what are concerns in chronic kidney disease atage 5 |
|
Definition
| protein, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, fluids |
|
|
Term
| what are the protein choices for a dialysis pt (5) |
|
Definition
| meat, egg, fish, poultry, shell fish |
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|
Term
| dialysis pt should avoid salt, where are some common hiding places (5) |
|
Definition
| processed food, fast food, sports drinks, cheese and deli meats |
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|
Term
| what are the types of salt, what are they made of (8) |
|
Definition
ioxized salt: table salt
kosher: coarse grain
lite: 50/50 NaCl KCl
rock: chunk crystals
salt sub: KCl, harmfull in excess
sea salt: evaporation of sea water gives NaCl
seasoned salt: salt with herbs and flavring
talbe salt: calcium silicate added so it won't lump |
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|
Term
| dialysis patients should avoid potassium, what are some low potassium fruits |
|
Definition
| apples, berries, fruit cocktail, grapes, peaches, peats, pineapple, plum |
|
|
Term
| what are low potassium veggies |
|
Definition
| alfafa, bean sporouts, canned beat, cabage, caluiflower, carrot, corn, cucumber, eggplant, green beans, lettuce, mushrooms, onion, radish |
|
|
Term
| what are high potassium fruits |
|
Definition
| apricots, bananas, dates, honeydew, kiwi, nectarine, orange, rasin |
|
|
Term
| what are high potassium veggies |
|
Definition
| artihoke, avacado, beats, brussel sprouts, greens, cottage cheese, granola, oatmeal, ice cream, nut butter, nuts, offal, pancakes, sardines, soy, tofu, tortilla, meat replacemet, who wheat cereal, yougurt |
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|
Term
| what ar ethe reuirements of fluids for a dialysis patient |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what fluids does a dialysis pat ahve to avoid |
|
Definition
| popsicle, juice bar, soup, jello, ice cream, frozen yogurt |
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|
Term
| what does a pt with kidney stones have to increase and decrease in their diet |
|
Definition
decrease Na, oxidase, purine
maintain / increas K, fruits, and veggies |
|
|
Term
| why does a kidney stone pr have to avoid purine, what foods is this (9) |
|
Definition
reduices uric acid
no anchovies, bullion, broth, herring, mackerel, muscles sardines, scallops, offal |
|
|
Term
| why does a pt with kidney stones have to increase fruits and vegetables |
|
Definition
| increases fiber, Mg, phytate, and citric acid which decrease stones |
|
|
Term
| why does a pt with kidney stones have to increase K |
|
Definition
| maintains urine pH, inhibits store formation |
|
|
Term
| what foods lower oxalate, how |
|
Definition
| milk and yogurt decrease absorption |
|
|
Term
| what major oxilate former should a kidney stone pr avoid |
|
Definition
| Vit C, no supplememnts >500mg |
|
|
Term
| what foods are odilate in |
|
Definition
| chocolate, fig, kiwi, grits, soy, sweet potato, grains, saltines, pasta, leeks, orka, spinach, carrots, celery, tomato, peanut butter, soy, nut butter, poppy seads |
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