Term
| what can birth weight affect later in life |
|
Definition
| development of hypertension and diabetes |
|
|
Term
| when there are complications in pregnacy, what is affected |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 6 nutrition goals before pregnacy |
|
Definition
maintain healthy weight
regular physical cativity
gain or loose weight gradually (1-2 lbs/wk)
reduce or stop alcohol
folic acid supplements 400 mcg/d
quit smoking |
|
|
Term
| what does weight gain in pregnacy depend on |
|
Definition
| how many fetuses, age, race |
|
|
Term
| what is weight gain in pregnacy associated with |
|
Definition
| birth weight and infant mortality |
|
|
Term
| how much weight should be gained in the first trimester |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hw much weight should be gained in a mom with triplets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the normal BMI, overweight, and obease for a mom with twins |
|
Definition
gain 37-54 lbs is normal
overweight 31-50 lbs
obease 25-42 lbs |
|
|
Term
| where does the gained weight in pregnacy go? (8) |
|
Definition
baby 7-8 lbs
placenta 1-2 lbs
amniotic fluid 2 lbs
breasts 1 lb
uterus 2 lbs
increase in blood volume 3 lbs
increase in body fat 5 lbs
increase in muscle and fluid 4-7 lbs |
|
|
Term
| when during pregnacy does morning sickness occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does severe vomitting in pregnacy cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| behavorial treatments for morning sickness (4) |
|
Definition
small frequent meals
avoid odors that make it worse
adequate hydration
avoid liquid 1-2 h before and after eating |
|
|
Term
| diet changes for morning sickness (6) |
|
Definition
high protein or high carb
crackers in the morning
salty or sour food
avoid spicy food
Vit B6 25 mg TID
ginger: natural enti-emetic |
|
|
Term
| what are risks for diabetes in pregnacy, how do you classify the risk |
|
Definition
pre-existing diabetes, ethnicity, obesity, family history, older mom, previous GDM, still birth or large baby reviously, hx of abnormal glucose tolerance
high: yest to 2+
average: yes to one
low: yes to non |
|
|
Term
| what is the theatment for gestational diabetes (6) |
|
Definition
glucose monitoring
calories <1700
catch carbs
exercise
may need insulin
RD visit every 2-3 wk until delivery and 6-12 wk after |
|
|
Term
| what does a diabetic need to do if they get pregnant |
|
Definition
increase frequency of self glucose monitoring
decrease insuliin dose in the 1st 20 wks as fetus uses maternal glucose
increase it after that to 1--% |
|
|
Term
| preeclampsia: what is it, when does it occur, what other conditions does it usually occur with |
|
Definition
pregnacy induced hypertension
usually occurs in 3rd trimester
proteinuria and exema |
|
|
Term
| risk factors for preeclampsia (6) |
|
Definition
previous pregnacy with it
high BMI
work during pregnacy
family Hx HTN
african american
elevated plasma homocystine |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for preeclampsia (3) |
|
Definition
| watch sodium, bed rest, consider antihypertensive medicine |
|
|
Term
| heart burn in pregnacy: when does it occur. why |
|
Definition
| last 3 mo as baby put pressure on GI |
|
|
Term
| treatment pregnacy heart burn (4) |
|
Definition
small frequent meals
cut on caffiene
eat slowly
dont lie down after eating |
|
|
Term
| 13 risk factors for pregnacy nutrition |
|
Definition
younger than 17
low or high BMI
chronic disease
perscription drugs for disease
alcohol or drug use
Hx gyneological or obstric condition
many pregnacies, improper spacing
previous low birth weight baby
smoking
late initiation of prenatal care
inappropirate weight gain
anemia |
|
|
Term
| what drugs should be avoided in pregnacy 8 |
|
Definition
ACE inhibitors
acne medication
anticonvoulsants
tranquilizers
aloe vera
gensing
St. John's wort
Peppermint or raspberry leaf tea |
|
|
Term
| what strange food safety things should a pregnant woman do (10) |
|
Definition
wash hands regularly
keep meat properly cold
cook meat well
keep food correct temp
heat lunch meats and hot dogs (listeriosis)
never eat raw eggs
minotor fridge (35-40F) and freezer (0F)
avoid soft cheese
limit mercury (shark, swordfish, king mackerel)
limit fish to < 12oz per week |
|
|
Term
| how many calories over 9 mo for pregnant women, when should they increase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much calcium per day should a pregnant woman have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much folate per day should a pregnant woman have |
|
Definition
400 mg pre pregnacy
600 during |
|
|
Term
| how much iron should a pregnant women have a day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much protein should a pregnant woman have a day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much caffiene can a pregnant woman have a day, how much liquid in general |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the servings per day in a balanced pregnacy diet |
|
Definition
3 low or fat free dairy
2 fruit
2 veggies
3 whole grains (5 in third trimester)
2-3 lean meat (4 in third trimester)
high folate foods |
|
|
Term
| what causes pregnacy cravings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| craving non-food substances |
|
|
Term
| how long should breast feeding occur |
|
Definition
| 12 mo, add food in at 6 mo |
|
|
Term
| what are the benifits of breast feeding (11) |
|
Definition
protection from infection
pneumonia protection
allergy protection
intestinal function protection
easily digested
cheap, less diapers, easy
bonding
loose fat on hips and thighs (500cal)
less cancer and osteoperosis
stimulates oxytocin |
|
|
Term
| what does oxytocin do during breast feedin |
|
Definition
| helps uterus contract and shrink triming down abdomen |
|
|
Term
| what is clostrum, what is the function |
|
Definition
milk in the first 2-4d
rich in protein, vit A, and antibodies |
|
|
Term
| newborn nutrition 4-6 mo: what do you add, what do you avoid |
|
Definition
solid food with iron in it
never honey (botulism)
after a few days can eat oatmeal |
|
|
Term
| nutrition in 6-9 mo: what to add and to avoid |
|
Definition
| pureed or mashed veggies, fruit, meat, chicken, fish, egg yolk (avoid white due to allergies) |
|
|
Term
| nutrition 9-12 mo: what to add |
|
Definition
| soft bite sized veggies, fruit, meat, chicken, fish, bread, finger foods, yogurt, cheese |
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