Term
. Macronutrients are the _______________________.
a. vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals
b. nutrients that provide the body with energy
c. carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and water
d. substances consumed in amounts too large for good health |
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Definition
| C. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and water |
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Term
1. Nutrients are ______________________.
a. the 6 substances present in greatest volume in the human body
b. approximately 9 chemical elements identified when a human body is analyzed
c. all the chemical compounds found in the human body
d. chemicals found in food that the human body needs for normal functioning |
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Definition
| D. The chemicals found in food that the human body needs for normal functioning |
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Term
Which of the following is an example of malnutrition?
a. A woman suffering from vitamin B12 deficiency
b. A hospital patient who is severely underweight
c. An obese teenager
d. All are examples of malnutrition |
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Definition
| D. All are examples of malnutrition |
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Term
What are the three most basic functions of nutrients?
1. serve as regulators of metabolic reactions
2. provide energy for body processes
3. activate compounds to prevent malnutrition
4. detoxify life-threatening substances
5. provide materials for body structure |
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Definition
1 Serve as regulators of metabolic reactions
2. Provide energy for body processes
5 Provide materials for body structure |
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Term
5. Which of the following classes of nutrients is inorganic?
a. vitamins
b. minerals
c. water
d. none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Which option lists the substances in order from least to most regarding their energy
content per gram?
a. alcohol, vitamins, lipids, protein
b. vitamins, carbohydrate, alcohol, lipids
c. protein, alcohol, carbohydrate, lipids
d. lipids, protein, alcohol, minerals |
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Definition
| B. Vitamins, Carbohyrates, Alcohol, Lipids |
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Term
A sandwich contains 30 g of carbohydrates, 15 g of protein, and 10 g of fat. How much
energy does the sandwich provide?
a. 60 kcals b. 240 kcals c. 270 kcals d. 290 kcals |
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Definition
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Term
Select the correct definition of “adequacy” in the context of nutrition
a. meeting your nutrient and energy needs
b. choosing foods from all different food groups
c. eating three meals per day plus snack
d. choosing only healthy foods |
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Definition
| A. Meeting your nutritent and energy needs |
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Term
The observation that natives in Africa who eat higher fiber diets rarely develop
appendicitis, bowel cancer, or heart disease, whereas Europeans who live in Africa and eat
lower fiber diets have a higher incidence of these problems, is an example of
___________________.
a. a metabolic study c. anecdotal evidence
b. an epidemiological study d. a cross-over study |
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Definition
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Term
An article is submitted to a scientific journal and it is read, analyzed and evaluated by
two or more researchers who were not involved in the research study. Before the article is
accepted for publication, they examine it to make sure that the experiment was not flawed
and that the results were interpreted correctly. This system is called ________________.
a. experimental consultation c. peer review
b. editorial d. journal critique |
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Definition
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Term
Which answer below lists the basic steps of the scientific method in the correct order?
a. observation, hypothesis, experiment, theory
b. hypothesis, publication, experiment theory
c. theory, observation, hypothesis, experiment
d. experiment, hypothesis, observation, theory |
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Definition
| A. Observation, hypothesis, experiment, theory |
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Term
In experimental studies, the group that does not receive the treatment being tested is
called what?
a. experimental group
b. control group
c. subject group
d. limited group |
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Definition
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Term
. Select the correct formula to calculate nutrient density.
a. kcal/gram of food
b. mg of calcium/kcal
c. g of carbohydrate/gram of food
d. grams of food/kcal |
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Definition
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Term
Sodium and dietary fiber have AIs instead of RDAs. Why?
a. Both are nutrients we should limit in our diet
b. Both lack enough scientific evidence to establish an RDA
c. Both are micronutrients
d. Both are nutrients that provide 0 kcal/g |
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Definition
| B. Both lack enough scientific evidence to establish an RDA |
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Term
Teri is taking a vitamin supplement, and she wants to know if she will be ingesting a
toxic level of vitamin A. Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) should she refer to?
a. UL
b. EAR
c. toxicity threshold
d. acceptable macronutrient distribution range |
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Definition
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Term
If you are using nutrient data from food composition tables to analyze your diet, to what standard will you compare your nutrient intake totals?
a. RDA
c. Dietary Guidelines for Americans
b. EER
d. MyPlate |
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Definition
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Term
7. What is the significance of your RDA for a particular vitamin?
a. It states what amount of that vitamin your body uses in a day.
b. It suggests a level of intake that is likely to meet, and probably exceed, your needs.
c. It defines the amount that is just enough to prevent a full-blown deficiency, but not
enough to be your healthiest.
d. It represents the average level of need for others of your sex and size. |
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Definition
| B. It suggests a level of intake that is likely to meet and probably exceed your needs |
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Term
Based on recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for reducing the risk
of chronic disease, the average American should _______________.
a. eat more complex carbohydrates, eat less sodium
b. eat more protein, eat less fat
c. eat more protein, eat less complex carbohydrate
d. eat more simple carbohydrate, eat less protein |
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Definition
| A. Eat more complex carbs and less sodium |
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Term
Examples of anthropometric measurements are _____________________.
a. skinfold thickness measurements
b. blood analyses for vitamins and minerals
c. height, arm circumference, and head circumference
d. diet records and recalls
e. both A and C |
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Definition
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Term
Pua visits a doctor because she feels tired most of the time, is easily distracted, and feels
chilled. As part of her examination, Pua has blood drawn to be tested for concentrations of
nutrients and their by-products. This part of the examination is the ____________________.
a. anthropometric assessment
b. physical examination
c. biochemical evaluation
d. clinical examination |
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Definition
| C. Biochemical evaluation |
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Term
. To identify which specific foods a person ate during the past 24-hour period,
______________.
a. Biochemical tests can be performed on the blood
b. Food recall can be recorded an analyzed
c. Anthropometric measures can be performed
d. A food frequency questionnaire can be administered |
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Definition
| B. Food recall can be recorded and analyzed |
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Term
Mona wants to lose 10 lbs before her cousin’s wedding. Which of the following is a
reliable source of advice to help her reach her goal?
a. her best friend who tried a cleansing diet and says she lost 10 lbs in only 5 days
b. late-night infomercials with customer testimonials and a money back guarantee
c. a registered dietitian or medical doctor who specializes in weight-loss counseling
d. a product brochure for a comprehensive, celebrity endorsed miracle diet |
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Definition
| C. A registered dietitian or medical doctor who specializes in weight loss counseling |
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Term
The process of transporting substances into an intestinal cell is known as ____________.
a. Digestion
b. Absorption
c. Circulation
d. Excretion |
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Definition
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Term
Bacteria in the large intestine of a human can ___________________.
a. break down some of the undigested food
b. use breakdown products of food for their own use
c. provide the human with some additional vitamins
d. make additional kilocalories (energy) available to the human
e. be involved in all of the above activities |
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Definition
| E be involved in all of the above activtities |
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Term
Water-soluble substances are absorbed through the villi of the small intestine into
_________ and are first transported to the __________. |
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Definition
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Term
Select the correct statement regarding bile.
a. Bile is secreted in the mouth
b. Bile increases the size of protein droplets
c. Bile emulsifies lipids and makes them easier to digest
d. Bile is a component of red blood cells |
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Definition
| C. Bile emulsifies lipids and makes them easier to digest |
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Term
The kidneys are a part of the ___________ system.
a. Digestive
b. Urinary
c. Endocrine
d. Immune |
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Definition
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Term
Which two pieces of information are needed to calculate BMI?
a. Percent muscle, height
b. Percent body fat, weight
c. Bone density, body volume
d. Height, weight |
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Definition
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Term
Select the correct pair of body composition analysis technique and description
a. Hydrostatic weighing: measure of body weight under water
b. Bioelectrical impedance: measure of body volume and surface area
c. DEXA: measure of electrical resistance through body tissues
d. Skinfold measurement: measure of joint flexibility in upper and lower extremities |
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Definition
| A Hydrostatic weighing: a measure of body weight under water |
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Term
. Which of the following is/are functions of water in the human body?
a. serves as a component of all cells
b. takes part in biochemical reactions
c. carries waste products from body cells
d. allows joints to move smoothly
e. A, B, C, and D are all functions of water |
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Definition
| E A B C and D are all functions of water |
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Term
. What is the largest compartment of body water?
a. blood plasma
b. saliva
c. intracellular fluid
d. extracellular fluid |
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Definition
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Term
Select the ways the body can obtain water.
a. feces, kidney, lung, skin
b. skin, feces, kidney, lungs
c. food, beverages, metabolic water
d. beverages, air, metabolic water |
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Definition
| C. Food, beverages, Metabolic water |
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Term
. The largest volume of water lost from the body for a sedentary person is through
____________.
a. sweating
b. breathing
c. urine
d. feces |
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Definition
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Term
Assuming moderate environmental temperature and moderate exercise, about how much
water should you consume in food and beverages each day?
a. 1 mL per kilogram of body weight
b. 1 L per pound of body weight
c. 1 mL per kilocalorie expended
d. 1 mL per kilojoule expended |
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Definition
| C 1 mL per kilocalorie expended |
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Term
A cell membrane that is permeable to water, but not to a solute, will result in _____.
a. water moving across the membrane to the higher concentration of solute
b. water moving across the membrane to the lower concentration of solute
c. no net movement of water across the membrane when concentration of solute is
the same
d. both A and C are correct |
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Definition
| D both A and C are correct |
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Term
| Top three causes of death |
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Definition
| heart disease, cancer, stroke |
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Term
| Basic essential nutrients |
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Definition
| Water, Vitamins, Minerals, Lipids, Carbs, Proteins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Energy from vitamins/minerals |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Mechanically breaking down, secreting salivary amylase |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects mouth to stomach. Peralistis |
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Term
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Definition
| secretes gastric acid, absorbs alcohol and water |
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Term
| Most of the digestion occurs in the_____? |
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Definition
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Term
| Some nutrient absorbtion occurs in the____? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Stools are mostly made up of |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| produces insulin and glycogen |
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Term
| What does the Lymphatic System transport |
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Definition
| transports water soluable vitamins, lipids, and water |
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Term
| What do the capillaries transport |
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Definition
| pick up water soluable nutrients and transport to liver |
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Term
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Definition
| Kidneys removes waste and filters blood |
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Term
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Definition
skin fold measurement
underwater weighing
bioelectrical impedence - little shock
DEXA - xrays
Bod pod - air displacement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Nutritional Assessment Components |
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Definition
Anthrometric - weight
Biochemical - blood test
Clinical - eyes, skin, ears
Dietary - survey, diet recall |
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