Term
Direct Calorimetry: Measures amount of heat released
Indirect Caloimetry: Measures the amount of oxygen consumed
*Hypothalamus: brain compartment controling maintenance of fluids, body temp, appetite |
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Definition
Appetite: Refers to the sensations of hunger, satiation, and satiety that prompt a person to eat/not eat
Satiation-During a meal, hunger diminishes-satiation develops-person feels full, person stops eating |
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Term
Satiety: AFTER a meal, feeling of satiety continues to suppress hunger and allows a person to not eat for awhile
**Satiation= stop eating vs Satiety= don't start eating again |
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Definition
*Protein=most satiating of energy yielding foods
-Foods low in energy density, high-fiber, are also more satiationg
-Fat = low rate of satiation |
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Term
Thermogenesis: The generation of Heat
-Can be measured to determine the amount of energy expended |
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Definition
3 Main categories Total energy body expends:
Energy expended for:
1. Basal Metabolism
2. Physical Activity
3. Food Consumption
*Sometimes 4. adaptation |
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Term
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Definition
- 2/3rds of the energy the average person expends in a day
-Processes supporting all the basic processes for life
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Term
| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): |
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Definition
Rate at which the body expends energy for these maintenance activities
-Slowest during sleep
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Term
| Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) |
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Definition
-Slightly higher than the BMR b/c its criteria for recent food intake and physical activity are not as strict
-30-50% Physical Activities
-10% Thermic Effect of Food
-50-65% BASAL METABOLISM |
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Term
BMI: Body Mass Index
Underweight: below 18.5
Healthy: b/w 18.5 and 24.9
Overweight: above 25
Obese: above 30 |
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Definition
lbs to kgs: 2.2 lb/kg
in to m: 39.37 in/m
BMI = Weight (Kg) / Height (m)^2
or
BMI= Weight (lb) x 703 / height (in)^2 |
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Term
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors associated w/obesity:
-high LDL cholesterol
- low HDL cholesterol
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
-Diabetes |
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Definition
Diabetes:
-Type 2--overweight/obese, 3x more likely, more insulin resistant |
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Term
Inflammation- chronic diseases:
accumulation of fat in muscles/liver:
-insulin resistance, low HDL, high triglycerides, high blood pressure= Metabolic syndrome |
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Definition
Ideal body fat:
men- 13-21%
women- 23-31%
waist (men- below 40 in/women below 35 in)
upper fat - android
lower fat- gynoid |
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