Term
The four types of muscles in the intestine are: |
|
Definition
| longitudinal, circular, sphincter, and mucosal. |
|
|
Term
An important role of mucus in the stomach is to: |
|
Definition
| protect the stomach wall from digestion. |
|
|
Term
The hormone that increases secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most digestion occurs in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The inner surface of the small intestine has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli because: |
|
Definition
| these increase the surface area for absorption |
|
|
Term
Sodium and other electrolytes are absorbed in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Intestinal gas is produced by: |
|
Definition
| the action of intestinal bacteria on undigested carbohydrate |
|
|
Term
The best way for most people to relieve constipation is to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A hormone that increases blood glucose level is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the nitrogen portion is split off from an amino acid, the residue is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Small potrusions from the surface of a membrane: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rounded mass of food formed in the mouth and ready to be swallowed: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cistern or receptacle of the chyle; the site where fat enters the general circulation: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Semifluid food mass in the gastrointestinal tract after gastric digestion: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The production of glucose from keto acid carbon skeletons from the deaminated amino acids and the glycerol portion of fatty acids: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Away from the point of origin: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gastric distress or indigestion involving nausea, pain, burning sensations, or excessive gas: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process of breaking down food to release its nutrients for absorption and transport to the cells for use in body functions: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Viscous fluid secreted by mucous membranes and glands, consisting mainly of mucin (a glycoprotein), inorganis salts, and water: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hormone produced in the mucous membrane of the duodenum in response to the entrance of acid contents from the stomach into the duodenum: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The outer surface layer of the intestines interfacing with the blood vessels of the portal system going to the liver: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minute vascular structures potruding from the surface of the villi covering the inner surface of the small intestine, forming a "brush border" that facilitates absorption of nutrients: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Removal of an amino group (NH2) from an amino acid: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A duodenal peptide hormone that inhibits gastric hydrochloric acid secretion and motility: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| State of relative dynamic equilibrium within the body's internal environment: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hormone secreted by mucosal cells in the antrum of the stomach that stimulates the parietal cells to produce hydrochloric acid: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Specific term for conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Network of nerves in the walls of the intestine that make up the intramural nervous system, controlling muscle action and secretions for digestion and absorption: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A reddish bile pigment resulting from the degradation of heme by reticuloendothelial cells in the liver: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A wavelike progression of alternate contraction and relaxation of the muscle fibers of the gastrointestinal tract: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A peptide hormone secreted by the mucosa of the duedenum in response to the presence of fat: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amino acid residue after deamination: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Red, swollen, bleeding, gums, most often caused by accumulation of bacterial plaque of the teeth: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difficult or infrequent passage of hard dry stools: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lower section of the stomach: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transport of nutrients from the lumen of the intestine across the intestinal wall into the blood (carbohydrates and proteins) or the lymph (fats): |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first section of the small intestine entered by food passing through the pyloric valve from the stomach: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The mucous membrane constituting the inner surface layer of the gastrointestinal tract, providing extensive nutrient absorption and transport functions: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum: |
|
Definition
|
|
