Term
|
Definition
Normal Non-Diabetic 5.7% or less
Diabetic (Ideal) 7% or less |
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Term
|
Definition
-pH less than 7.35 with low PaCO2 and Bicarbonate = Metabolic acidosis commonly caused by kidney failure, DKA, shock
-pH greater than 7.45 with high PaCO2 and Bicarbonate = Metabolic alkalosis commonly caused by cirrhosis, heart failure, low K, and chronic vomiting
-pH less than 7.35 with high PaCO2 and Bicarbonate = Respiratory acidosis commonly caused by narcotics, asthma, COPD, airway obstruction
-pH greater than 7.45 with low PaCO2 and Bicarbonate = Respiratory alkalosis commonly caused by hyperventilation, pain, anxiety, brain trauma, and pneumonia |
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Term
| BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) |
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Definition
Adult = 6-20 mg/dL
>60 y/o = 8-23 mg/dL
Increased suggest impaired kidney function
Severely decreased may indicate severe liver disease or malnutrition |
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Term
|
Definition
Adult = 8.6-10.2 mg/dL (SI Units)
High total calcium indicates hyperparathyroidism, cancer, or hyperthyroidism
Low total calcium indicates low protein levels, hypoparathyroidism, or extreme dietary calcium deficiency |
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Term
| CBC (Complete Blood Count) |
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Definition
| Includes WBC, RBC, Platelet Evaluation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Acceptable - below 200 mg/dL
Adult Borderline - 200-239 mg/dL
Adult High - greater than 240 mg/dL |
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|
Term
| CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB) |
|
Definition
| If CK-MB is elevated and the ration to total CK is more than 2.5-3, heart attack is likely. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Male = 0.9-1.3 mg/dL
Adult Female = 0.6-1.1 mg/dL
Increased levels indicate kidney damage such as glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis, and urinary tract obstructions
Decreased levels are usually not cause for concern, but can indicate decreased muscle mass |
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|
Term
| eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) |
|
Definition
90+ = Normal kidney function
60-89 = Mild filtration decrease
30-59 = Moderate filtration decrease
15-29 = Severe kidney decrease
<15 = Kidney Failure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Normal = 70-99 mg/dL
Pre-Diabetes = 100-125 mg/dL
Diabetes = 126 mg/dL or higher |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Male = 42%-54%
Adult Female = 38%-46%
Low hematocrit indicates anemia, loss of blood, nutritional deficiency, bone marrow problems, and abnormal hemoglobin.
High levels indicate dehydration, lung disease, tumors, polycythemia, or excessive erythropoietin use. |
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Term
|
Definition
Adult Male = 14-18 gm/dL
Adult Female = 12-16 gm/dL
Low levels indicate anemia, loss of blood, nutritional deficiency, bone marrow problems, kidney failure, or abnormal hemoglobin structure.
High levels indicate , dehydration, advanced lung disease, tumors, polycythemia, or excessive erythropoietin use. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Elevation indicates acromegaly, Cushing's, obesity
Decrease indicates diabetes, hypopituitarism, or pancreatic disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Normal 1.8-2.6 mEq/L
Low levels indicate malnutrition, GI disorder, uncontrolled diabetes, hypoparathyroidism
High levels indicate kidney failure, hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, dehydration, Addison's |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Normal adult = 2.4-4.1 mg/dL
Decrease (hypophosphatemia) indicates hypercalcemia, malnutrition, alcoholism, DKA, hypothyroidism, hypokalemia
Increase (hyperphosphatemia) indicates kidney failure, liver disease, hypoparathyroidism |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Normal = 150,000-450,000/microliter
Low indicates thrombocytopenia, viral infections, bone marrow cancers, aplastic anemia, chronic bleeding, sepsis, cirrhosis, autoimmune disorders, chemotherapy
High indicates cancer, anemia, inflammatory conditions, infectious disease, oral contraceptive use |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Adult Normal = 3.5-5.1 mEq/L
Increase indicates kidney failure, Addison's, hypoaldosteronism, infection, diabetes, dehydration
Decrease indicates GI disorders, hyperaldosteronism, acetaminophen overdose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Normal Adult Women = 4.2-5.4 million/uL
Normal Adult Men = 4.7-6.1 million/uL
Normal Children = 4.6-4.8 million/uL
Low indicates trauma, anemia, acute or chronic bleeding, bone marrow damage or disorders
High indicates pulmonary disease, heart disease, smoking, polycythemia vera |
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Term
|
Definition
Adult Normal = 136-145 mEq/L
Adult >90 = 132-146 mEq/L
Hyponatremia is usually caused by Addison's disease, diarrhea, diuretics
Hypernatremia indicates dehydration |
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Term
|
Definition
Adult Normal = 4,500-11,000 wbc/mcL
High count (leukocytosis) indicates infections, inflammation, allergic responses, tissue death
Low count (leukopenia) indicates bone marrow damage/disorders, autoimmune disorders/diseases, septic infections |
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