Term
Development of Older Adults
Physiologic |
|
Definition
| All organ systems undergo some degree of decline, body less efficient |
|
|
Term
Development of Older Adults
Cognitive |
|
Definition
| Does not change appreciably, may take longer to respond and react |
|
|
Term
Development of Older Adults
Psychosocial |
|
Definition
| self-concept is relatively stable throughout adult life |
|
|
Term
Development of Older Adults
Disengagement theory |
|
Definition
| withdraw from usual roles, become introspective and self focused |
|
|
Term
Development of Older Adults
Erikson |
|
Definition
| ego integrity versus despair and disgust; life review (reminiscence) |
|
|
Term
Development of Older Adults
Havighurst |
|
Definition
| Major tasks are maintenance of social contacts and relationships |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Makes sure their primary needs have been met
Develop a rapport with the patient
Allow adequate time |
|
|
Term
| Makes sure primary needs are met by |
|
Definition
| Pain controlled, don't need to go to the bathroom, not thirty (Assess first!) |
|
|
Term
| Develop a rapport with the pt. by |
|
Definition
Looking at their environment
Include caregiver information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Don't rush or push, they may take a little longer |
|
|
Term
Nutrition
Fluid intake
What would you consider adequate intake? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nutrition
Fluid intake
Do you feel like older adults get adequate intake?? Why or why not? |
|
Definition
| No, altered taste buds, decrease since of smell, need help accessing items, uirnary freq. (don't want to have to go potty) |
|
|
Term
| Risk of inadequate intake |
|
Definition
| Dehydration, skin decreases in strength integrity |
|
|
Term
| height and weight changes |
|
Definition
| Altered height from posture, weight change 5% in a month or 10% in 6 months brings up concern! |
|
|
Term
| What factors affect intake? |
|
Definition
| Can they access food (low activity level), cost, swallowing deficiet, do they have appropriate oral care? |
|
|
Term
| Lab changes in poor intake. |
|
Definition
electrolytes (albumin, glucose) Their basic metabolic panel.
If poor intake we offer supplements! :) |
|
|
Term
| Common medications of elderly |
|
Definition
| Vitamins and nutrient supplement |
|
|
Term
| Alteration in bowel patterns? |
|
Definition
| Change in patterns. Decreased fluid intake + decrease mobility= constipation |
|
|
Term
| Chronic laxative use can result in fall risk |
|
Definition
| Trying to run to get to the bathroom |
|
|
Term
| Alteration in urinary patterns? |
|
Definition
| Freq? Dribbling? UTI? Bladder muscle tone decreased. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| May be on meds for urination (Flamaz, diruetrics) increased for fall risk (because of drop in bp and rushing to bathroom) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
creatine, BUN
increase risk for UTI due to thinning bladder because of menopause |
|
|
Term
| Blood urea Nitrogen (BUN) |
|
Definition
7-18mg\dL
Increased in older adults
Shows liver and kidney function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
0.6-1.2 mg\dL
Decreases with age |
|
|
Term
| The pts health perception |
|
Definition
| Ask them what abilities they are able to do for themselves. Are they self reliant. Look at their overall appearance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Find out their diet. Do they exercise? Do they go to their regular exams? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eye exams, dental, hearing, immunization, pelvic, mammogram, papsmear, colonoscopy (5yr), prostate exam, blood test (PSA?), menopause with women, dexa (bone density) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LOC, orientation, memory, vision, hearing
Any impairment with this leads to safety issues. |
|
|
Term
| Self perception\Self concept |
|
Definition
| Some are ready for death, some enjoy life and want to keep living |
|
|
Term
| Assessing their self concept |
|
Definition
| How would you expect the older adult would feel about their life? Would you expect them neg or pos outlook |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can inhibit their sexuality? |
|
Definition
| Their sexual dysfunction (erectile issues, viagra, decreased strength, the endurance, antihypertensive meds, diabetic meds, mastectomy, menopause |
|
|
Term
Sleep\Rest
Level of energy |
|
Definition
| Are they fatigue? Do they get up bright and early? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Do they get up to go to the bathroom. Do they sleep all day, but stay up all night? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Do they need sleeping aids, antidepressants. Educated on safety? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Is there a spouse? Pet?
Do they provide care for others?
Do they have friends?
Retired?
Volunterr, socially active?
Adequate income?
Insurance\Medicare\Medicaid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Code Status, Advanced directives, spiritual (more focused), power of attorney, ability to cope |
|
|
Term
| How do you think their spirituality may be affected? |
|
Definition
| No peace for future without spirituality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
What do old people do to help them relax?
Support systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you know if they are safely functioning in their environment? |
|
Definition
Maintain the greatest level of independence
Support individual strengths
Prevent complications of illness
Secure a safe and comfortable environment.
Promote return to health
Keep in mind pt. desires |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
plan of care
Determine what is most important to them. |
|
|
Term
| Care is complicated due to |
|
Definition
Co morbid conditions
polypharmacy
great risk for complications
greater risk for loss of function
Safety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flinching, bruises, suspicious cuts bruises, financial, if the person won't let them respond |
|
|
Term
| DEMENTIA (What to check before deciding) |
|
Definition
D-rugs and alcohol
E-yes and ears
M-etabolic and endocrine disorder
E-motional disorders
N-eurologic disorders
T-umors and trauma
I-nfection
A-reteriovascular disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
older than 65
Men
Cognitive deficit already present (dementia)
Depression
Immobility
Hip fractures
Alcoholism
Stroke |
|
|
Term
Delirium
Precipitating factors |
|
Definition
Narcotics
Addition of 3 or more new meds
Severe illness
UTI
Hyponatremia\hypoxemia
Shock, pain, anemia
Surgery
Intensive Care Admission |
|
|
Term
Extreme prolonged sadness
Individuals at risk |
|
Definition
Recent crisis-stress-loss
Substance abuse
Chronic or painful disease
Previous suicide attempts
Identity crisis
Withdrawn-depresed
Hallucinating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Insidious (gradual)
Months to ten years (terminal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acute, usually @night
Hours up to weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coincides with life changes, sudden
At least 2 weeks (can be several months or years) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generally normal
Depending on stage: early stage-loss of recent (short term memory); Middle stage-loss of recent progresses to loss of recent progresses to loss of remote memory (long term memory) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abnormally low or high, fluctuates
Recent and immediate impaired |
|
|
Term
Alertness Memory
Depression |
|
Definition
Normal
Selective impairment |
|
|
Term
Orientation
Thinking
Perception
Dementia |
|
Definition
Often impaired
Depends on stage
usually normal till middle stages' then may experience hallucinations and illusions |
|
|
Term
Orientation
Thinking
Perception
Delerium |
|
Definition
Generally impaired for time; may also be person and place (difficult to orient)
Disorganized
Distorted; illusions and hallucinations |
|
|
Term
Orientation
Thinking
Perception
Depression |
|
Definition
Case dependent
Intact
Intact |
|
|
Term
Psychomotor behavior
Sleep wake
Speech
Dementia |
|
Definition
Depends on stage
disturbed; cycle reversed
Difficulty in finding words, word salad; depends of stage |
|
|
Term
Psychomotor behavior
Sleep wake
Speech
Delerium |
|
Definition
Slow or fast or mixed
Fragmented
Incoherent. May be slow or rapid |
|
|
Term
Psychomotor behavior
Sleep wake
Speech
Depression |
|
Definition
Normal or slowed
Disturbed; often awaken early
Normal or decreased; says few words |
|
|
Term
Physical illness of drug toxicity
Associated features
Dementia |
|
Definition
Usually absent
Affect becomes more flat as disease progresses; attempts to conceal deficits in intellect |
|
|
Term
Physical illness of drug toxicity
Associated features
Delirium |
|
Definition
Either or both are present
Variable affective changes; symptoms of agitation |
|
|
Term
Physical illness of drug toxicity
Associated features
Depression |
|
Definition
Usually absent, unless physical illness is contributing
Depressed affect and\or dysphoric mood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sadety
Maintain independence
Maintain dignity
Function to the highest level possible
Support caregivers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| memory activities help prevent acceleration of symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| memory activities help prevent acceleration of symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Namenda
Antipsychotics
anti anxiety and depressants
Slow progression with aricept! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anti-anxiety and anti-psychotic meds
Restraints? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antidepressants, SSRI's, anti anxiety
Don't ignore suicidal preoccupation\idealization |
|
|
Term
| Treats decreased cognition and memory |
|
Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitors
NMDA receptor antagonist |
|
|
Term
| Treat behavioral problems, depression, and sleep problems |
|
Definition
Antidepressants
anxiolytics
antiparkinsons agents
beat-blockers
antiepleptics
neuroleptics
Sleeps aids (Ambien) |
|
|
