Term
| Skills required for Physical Assessment |
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Definition
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentrated Watching, close careful scruitny of subject and all body systems |
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Term
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Definition
| Applies sense of touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, organ location and size as well as any swelling, vibration/pulsation, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, lumps/masses, presence of tenderness or pain. |
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Definition
| Best for fine tactile discrimination (skin texture, swelling, pulsation, presence of lumps) |
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Definition
| Grasping action of the fingers and thumb (detect position, shape, consistency of organ or mass) |
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Definition
| Back of hand, best for determining temperature b/c skin is thinner |
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Term
| Base of fingers Palpation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1) use slow, gentle approach
2) warm hands before touching patient
3) palpate tender areas last
4) start with light palpation and then move to deeper |
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Definition
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Definition
| Tapping the person's skin with short, sharp strokes to assess underlying structures. |
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Term
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Definition
1) Mapping out location and size of an organ
2) Signaling the density (air, fluid, solid)of a structure by a characteristic note.
3)Detecting an abnormal mass in the top 5 cm of tissue
4)Eliciting a deep tendon reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| intensity - loud or soft sound. Loudness depends on the force of a blow and the structure's ability to vibrate. |
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Term
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Definition
| number of vibrations per second. More rapid = higher Slower = lower |
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Term
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Definition
| subjective difference due to a sound's distinctive overtones |
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Definition
| the length of time the note lingers |
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Term
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Definition
Amplitude: Medium-loud
Pitch: low
Quality: clear, hollow
Duration: Moderate
Location: over normal lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Amplitude: Louder
Pitch: Lower
Quality: Booming
Duration: Longer
Sample: Normal in child's lung, abnormal for adult indicates emphysema |
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Term
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Definition
Amp.: loud
Pitch: High
Quality: Musical and drumlike
Duration: sustained longest
Over air filled viscus (stomach or intestine) |
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Definition
Amplitude: soft
Pitch: high
Quality: muffled thud
Duration: short
relatively dense organ (liver, spleen) |
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Definition
Amplitude: very soft
Pitch: high
Quality: dead stop of sound/muffled
duration: very short
when no air is present, over thigh muscles, bone or tumor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Listening to sounds produced by the body |
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Term
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Definition
| does not magnify sound, but blocks out extraneous sound. |
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Term
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Definition
flat edge is best for high pitch sound
side of the stethoscope used most often |
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Term
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Definition
| deep, hollow, cuplike shape. best for soft, low-pitched sounds such as extra heart sounds or murmurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| funnels light into the ear canal and onto the tympanic membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| illuminates the internal eye structures. Enables you to look through the pupil to the fundus |
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Term
Special considerations
Infant |
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Definition
| parent must always be present, do as much of the exam with the baby in parent's lap, maintain warm environment, use a soft voice, smile, take time to play and provide brightly colored toys |
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Term
Special Considerations
Toddler |
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Definition
let them have security object, if needed, focus more on the parent until you win toddler over, parent undresses child, do not offer choices when there isn't one, praise cooperation
start with nonthreatening areas, save ears, eyes, nose and throat for last. |
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Term
Special Considerations
Preschooler |
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Definition
short, simple explanations, do not allow choices if there aren't any, use games, let them "help", slow and patient, praise cooperation
head, thorax, extremities, genitalia first then head, eye, ear, nose and throat last |
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Term
Special Considerations
School Age Child |
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Definition
| Break the ice with small talk, child undresses himself, demonstrate equipment before use, comment on the body and how it works, head to toe |
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Term
Special Considerations
Adolescent |
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Definition
| Body changing rapidly reassure them they are normal, communicate with care (between adult and child), focus teaching on wellness, head to toe, examine gentials last and quickly |
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Term
Special Considerations
Aging Adult |
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Definition
| slow pace, use physical touch if it is culturally appropriate, do not mistake dimished hearing or sight for confusion, head to toe. |
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