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NURSING - Chapter 39(Textbook) - Activity
Key Terms - Fundamentals of Nursing (6th ed)
25
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/16/2009

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Term
active exercise
Definition
joint movement activated by the patient
Term
ankylosis
Definition
fixation or immobilization of a joint
Term
atrophy
Definition
decrease in the size of a body structure
Term
body mechanics
Definition
efficient use of the body as a machine and as a means of locomotion
Term
cartilage
Definition
hard, non-vascular connective tissue found in the joints
Term
contractures
Definition
permanently contracted state of a muscle
Term
dangling
Definition
position in which a patient sits on the edge of the bed with legs and feet dangling over the side of the bed
Term
exercise
Definition
active exertion of muscles involving the contraction and relaxation of muscle groups
Term
flaccidity
Definition
decreased muscle tone; hypotonicity
Term
footdrop
Definition
complications resulting from extended plantar extension
Term
isokinetic exercise
Definition
exercise involving muscle contractions with resistance
Term
isometric exercise
Definition
exercise in which muscle tension occurs without a significant change in muscle length
Term
isotonic exercise
Definition
exercise in which muscle shorten (contract) and move
Term
ligaments
Definition
tough, fibrous bands that bind joints together and connect bones and cartilage
Term
negative nitrogen balance
Definition
condition resulting in muscle wasting and decreased physical energy for movement and work
Term
neurons
Definition
nerve cells that conduct impulses from one part of the body to another
Term
orthopedics
Definition
the correction or prevention of disorders of bone structures used in locomotion
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
condition characterized by a loss of calcium from bone tissue
Term
paralysis
Definition
the absence of strength secondary to nervous impairment
Term
paresis
Definition
impaired muscle strength or weakness
Term
passive exercise
Definition
manual or mechanical means of moving a joint
Term
range of motion
Definition
complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable
Term
spasticity
Definition
increase muscle tone
Term
tendons
Definition
strong, flexible, inelastic fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone
Term
tonus
Definition
normal, partially steady state of muscle contraction
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