Term
| How many people are living in poverty? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many children die each year due to lack of immunization? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the effects of rising food prices? |
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Definition
| there is less money to be used on other things (such as health care and education), impacts urban and rural poor that don't produce their own food |
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Term
| What is the location of the most extreme poverty? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why have deaths from measles gone down? |
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Definition
| vaccination (went from one dose to 2 doses) |
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Term
| What is the key to improving outcomes in pregnancy and childbirth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the health problems in sub-saharan Africa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is important in the treatment of TB? |
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Definition
| early recognition and be sure to take full course of antibiotics (once the TB becomes resistant to the 1st line of medication, it is much harder to treat and more expensive) |
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Term
| What percentage of deaths are preventable health risks? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are public health problems in Zimbabwe? |
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Definition
| cholera (due to failure to maintain water purification and manage sewage), anthrax, HIV/AIDS, TB, and maternal morbidity and mortality |
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Term
| What is an acute illness? |
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Definition
| severe symptoms, short lasting, treatable, rapid recovery |
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Term
| What is a chronic illness? |
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Definition
| long and continuous, ongoing management and treatment, exacerbations and remissions |
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Term
| What are the 5 stages of illness? |
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Definition
| 1. denial 2. irritability 3. attempt to gain control 4. depression 5. acceptance |
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Term
| What are ways that an individual reacts to an illness? |
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Definition
| "sick role", internal influences (personality, resilience, learned resourcefulness, hardiness, coping ability, and spirituality), external influences (past experiences, culture) |
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Term
| What are family reactions to illness? |
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Definition
| frightened, resentful, angry, guilty, distrust of care provider, critical and demanding, denial, promote dependence by patient, ambivalent, feelings of uselessness, hopelessness, and confusion |
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Term
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Definition
| response to pressures or external events |
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Term
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Definition
| a way to respond to stress |
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Term
| What authority did the federal government have under the commerce clause? |
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Definition
| quarantine authority, regulate food and drugs, occupational safety |
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Term
| What important topics were part of the new deal era? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is NIH? When was it established? |
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Definition
| major mechanism for fundraising for research (creation of additional institutes by congress), new deal era |
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Term
| What is the social security act? when was it established? |
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Definition
| incorporated children's bureau, but did not include national health insurance as recommended; new deal era |
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Term
| What is AMA? What was their role after WWII? |
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Definition
| american medical association; continued to support group practices and voluntary health insurance plans, but denied efforts for federal health insurance |
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Term
| What was the relationship between the federal and state governments after WWII? |
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Definition
| federal government provided state subsidies to expand public health and NCH services, for expansion of health care facilities, and for medical care of special populations |
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Term
| What was the role of the states after WWII? |
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Definition
| operated programs to pay for )or help cities and counties pay for) medical care for the poor |
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Term
| What grew more common after WWII? |
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Definition
| employer-supported private health insurance (as an incentive to work since the wages were frozen) |
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Term
| What was Hill Burton and when did it occur? |
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Definition
| free health care for poor in exchange for federal funded expansions of hospitals; after WWII |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is medicare? when did this occur? |
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Definition
| federal program to provide hospital and medical services to elderly; war on poverty era |
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Term
| what is medicaid? when did it occur? |
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Definition
| split cost between federal and state governments to pay for poor's health care |
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Term
| what is the comprehensive health planning act? when did it occur? |
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Definition
| attempt to ensure comprehensive development of health services within states by attempting to deal with duplication of services (failed to contain costs); war on poverty era |
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Term
| What was the Health Maintenance Organization Act? when did it occur? |
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Definition
| payed a flat fee to an HMO and they had to pay all of their doctor bills (not hospital bills); cost containment era |
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Term
| What were diagnosis related groups (DRGs)? when did this occur? |
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Definition
| people pay set fee for illness or treatment - it was meant to keep cost of care predictable; cost containment era |
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Term
| What is PPS? How was it established? when did it occur? |
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Definition
| prospective payment system- predetermined payment for each diagnosis established by DRGs; cost containment era |
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Term
| What was a PPO? When did it occur? |
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Definition
| preferred provider - people paid a set amount, but instead of billing for services, they would get a salary for all the service that was needed; cost containment era |
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Term
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Definition
| entry into system; basic care - focuses on wellness and basic preventative care |
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Term
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Definition
| high tech, multi-specialty |
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Term
| What is another name for ambulatory care? what is it? |
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Definition
| outpatient care; refers to location of care (people can walk in and out) - diagnostic and therapeutic centers |
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Term
| What do we work as a part of? What does this mean |
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Definition
| interdisciplinary team; we can take a leadership role and work with others to provide care to patients across the lifespan |
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Term
| What are the stages of the nurse-patient relationship? What are important aspects of this relationship? |
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Definition
| 1. orientation (intro) 2. working (tasks performed) 3. termination (relationship ends); non-judgmental, respect boundaries |
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