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Nursing 210 Module I D
Patients iwth Substance Related Disorders
13
Nursing
Not Applicable
12/09/2009

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Cards

Term

Substance - Alcohol

Taken by ingestion

Definition

Effects on body: CNS depression, multisystem impairments w/ chronic use

 

Intoxification: aggressiveness, impaired judgement, depression, slurred speech etc.

 

Withdrawal Characteristics: w/in 4-12h of cessation or reduction (in heavy/prolonged use)

tremors, N,V, malaise, weekness, tachy, sweating, ^BP, anxiety, h/a, hallucinations

 

Can progress to Delirium Tremens: (1-7d after last drink): tremors, hallucinations, disoriented, ^temp, dilated pupils, tachy, agitation, ^RR, delirium, grand mal seizures, death

 

Manage with: Librium, Ativan, Serax, Multivitamins (thiamin)

Term

Substance - Sedative-Hypnotics

 

Non barbituate Hypnotics:

Quaalude, Halcion, Dalmane, Placidyl, Restoril

 

Barbituates:

Nembutal, Seconal, Amytal, Tuinal, Phenobarbital

 

Antianxiety Agents: Benzodiazapines

Ativan, Xanax, Serax, Valium

Librium

 

Ingestion or Injection

Definition

Effects on body: generalized depressant to brain, nerves, muscles, heart, & metabolic rate

mild sedation to death depending on dosage & potency of drug

 

Intoxication: disinhibition, modd lability, impaired judgement, slurred speech, unsteady gait

confusion, impaired memory

 

Withdrawal Characteristics: sweating, Pulse>100, ortho hypo, ^hand tremor, insomnia, malaise, weakness, N,V, hallucinations, anxiety, seizures

 

Manage with: long acting barbituates (phenobarbital-Luminal) & benzodiazapines

Term

Substance - CNS stimulants

 

Amphetamines:

Benzedrine, Dexedrine (by injection or ingestion)

 

Cocaine: (by inhalation, smoke, inject, or topical)

 

Caffeine

 

Nicotine

Definition

Effects on body: CNS excitement, Cardio/Pulm (^BP, ^P, dysrhythmia) cocaine=MI, VF, sudden death, inhaled cocaine=pulm hemmorrhage, chronic bronchiolitis, pneumonia, rhinitis, GI/GU(constip, dsyuria, anorexia), Sexual (^urge)

 

Intoxication: anger, grandiosity, tachy, ^BP, persperation, chills, N,V,CP, seizures, coma

 

Withdrawal Characteristics: dsyphoria, fatigue, vivid unpleasant dreams, insomnia, ^appetite

 

Manage with: Librium & antidepressants

Term

Susbstance - Opioids

 

Morphine

Codeine

Demerol-meperidine

Heroin

Dialandia

Percodan

Methadone

Darvon

Talwin

Oxycontin

Definition

effects on body: CNS (euphoria, mood changes, mental clouding, drowsy, decr pain) constricted pupils, resp depression, depressed cough, N,V GI (decr peristalsis, constip, impaction) Cardio (hypotension) Sexual (decr libido, impotence)

 

Intoxication: initial euphoria, apathy, dsyphoria, drowsy coma, death, resp depress., impaired judgement

Treat intoxication with : Narcan

 

Withdrawal Characteristics: craving, dsyphoria, N,V, abd cramps, fever, diarrhea

 

Heroin w/drl s/s: onset 6-24h after last dose, peak 1-3d, subside 5-7d

Dextoxification: methadone substitute, cold turkey w/ or w/o sedation, nutrition, rest

Term

Substance - Hallucinogens

 

Lysergic Acid diethylamide - LSD

Phencyclidine - PCP

Ecstasy

Volatile Solvents - inhalants

Definition

Effects on body: unpredicatable, Physiologic - A, N, V, chills, ^BP, ^P, ^temp, Psychologic - ^response to color,texture & sounds, distorted vision, sense o slowing, paranoia, panic

Toxic reaction: Panic & Flashbacks

 

Intoxication: marked anxiety, depression, paranoia, perceptual changes

tachy, palpitations, tremors

PCP Intoxication: belligerence, impulsive, nystagmus, HTN, tachy, seizures, coma, death

 

Withdrawal Characteristics: manage adverse reactions w/ benzodiazepines & antipsychotics (Haldol)

Term

Substance - Cannabis

 

Marijuana

Definition

Effects on Body: Cardio (tachy, ortho hypo, decr O2 to heart) Resp (initial broncholdilation, COPD, laryngitis, bronchitis, cough, hoarseness Reprod( decr testost levels, sperm abnormalities, ^ risk spont ab CNS (high, relaxed, disoriented, depersonalization, impaired judgement & memory, tremors

 

Intoxication: impaired coordination, euphoria, anxiety, ^ appetite, dry mouth, tachy

 

Withdrawal: restless, irritable, insomnia, anorexia

Term

Substance abuse

Definition

the use of a drug in an unintended manner despite the potential negative consequences

Term

Alcohol

Definition

is the most widely used illicit substance in the US

Term

dual diagnosis

Definition

an individual who is addicted to heroin and is diagnosed with bipolar disorder is said to have a dual diagnosis

Term

Blackout

Definition

an episode during which the individual will continue to function but does not have a conscious awareness of or will not be able to remember the events that occur during this time

Term

CNS stimulant

Definition

cocaine (a cns stimulant) is a highly addictive drug that produces an intense and immediate feeling of euphoria

Term

Opioid Overdose

Definition

Respiratory depression, papillary constriction, coma, and death are possible results of opioid overdose

Term

Thiamin (Vit B1)

Definition

Individuals with an addiction to alcohol are administered thiamin vit b1to prevent neurologic conditions such as Wernicke's syndrome

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