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nursing 206
vocabulary mod 4-5
101
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
02/03/2010

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Term
Drug
Definition
Substance that alters physiologic function with the potential of affecting health
Term
Pharmacodynamics
Definition
Study of physiologic and biochemical effects of a drug on the body
Term
Metabolism
Definition
(1) Chemical reactions in the cells that produce heat as a byproduct, (2) Breakdown of a drug (usually in the liver) to an inactive form
Term
Therapeutic effect
Definition
A medication's desired and intentional effects
Term
Anaphylaxis
Definition
Anexaggerated, life threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen.
Term
Hypersensitivity
Definition
Highly or excessively sensitive; adverse reactions produced by the normal immune system.
Term
Parenteral
Definition
Medications given by injection or infusion
Term
Half-life
Definition
The time that a drug is metabolized by 50% in the body
Term
Synergistic effects
Definition
Interaction that increases a drugs effects
Term
Additive Interactions
Definition
Two or more "like" drugs combined equaling the sum of the individual drug's effect
Term
Suspension
Definition
Solid particles of a drug dispersed in a liquid that must be shaken to obtain an accurate dose
Term
Transdermal
Definition
Medicated frug molecules contained in a unique polymer patch applied to the skin for slow absorption
Term
Sublingual
Definition
Under the tongue
Term
Barrel of a syringe
Definition
Part of a syringe that contains fluid; marked for accurate measurment; ranges in size from .5mL to 50mL
Term
Bevel
Definition
The last part of a needle that is pointed and determines the sharpness of the needle
Term
Gelcap
Definition
a gelatin container that holds a drug in solid or liquid form.
Term
Pharmacokinetics
Definition
Study of how a medication changes as it passes throught the body and undergoes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
Term
Absorption
Definition
The process by which a medication enters the blood stream
Term
Excretion
Definition
Process by which a drug or urine is eliminated from the body
Term
Controlled substance
Definition
Drugs that are condisdered to have either limited medical use or high potential for abuse or addiction
Term
Toxicity
Definition
A nontherapeutic effect that may result in damage to tissues or organs
Term
Addiction
Definition
Habitual psychological and physiological dependence on a substance or practice beyond one's voluntary control
Term
Nonparenteral or enteral
Definition
Drugs administered by topical, rectal, or oral route
Term
Loading dose
Definition
Higher dose given at the the initiation of drug therapy in order to build up the therapeutic effect
Term
Antagonistic effects
Definition
The negative effect that one chemical or family of chemicals has on other chemicals
Term
Enteric Coated
Definition
A tablet or capsule that has a layer placed over it to prevent dissolution in the stomach; used to protect the drug from gastric acid or to protect the stomach from drug irritation
Term
Elixir
Definition
A clear, aromatic, sweetened alcoholic preparation
Term
Medication reconciliation
Definition
(medication verification) Important safety procedure during client handoffs, including new and intermittent clinic visits, emergency room visits, hospital admission, transfers between hospital units, and discharge from one healthcare facility to another or to home, between healthcare providers or agencies
Term
Unit dose
Definition
A prescribed amount of medication dispensed at a specified time
Term
Hub of a syringe
Definition
Lower end of the syringe; terminates into needle hub; functions to lock the needle in place
Term
Capsule
Definition
A gelatine container that holds a drug in a solid or liquid form
Term
Pharmacotherapeutics
Definition
The study of the use of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose diseases
Term
Distribution
Definition
Process by which a drug passes from the circulation of the blood and lymphatic system across cell membranes to a specified tissue
Term
Adverse effect
Definition
Any effect other than a therapeutic effect
Term
Allergy
Definition
altered bodily reactivity (as hypersensitivity) to an antigen in response to a first exposure; xaggerated or pathological reaction (as by sneezing, respiratory embarrassment, itching, or skin rashes) to substances, situations, or physical states that are without comparable effect on the average individual
Term
Tolerance
Definition
A decreased responsiveness to a drug after repeated exposure
Term
Interaction
Definition
Either desirable or undesirable effects produced by fiving two or more drugs together
Term
Steady-state
Definition
A stable condition that does not change over time or in which change in one direction is continually balanced by change in another
Term
Maintenance dose
Definition
the quantity of drug necessary to sustain a normal physiologic state or a desired blood or tissue level of drug
Term
Scored
Definition
A compressed, powdered drug with a line down the center so that the tablet can be broken in half
Term
Intramuscular
Definition
Involving administration of a medication into the muscle layer beneath the dermis and subutaneous tissue
Term
Subcutaneous
Definition
Pertaining to the layer of tissue below the dermis
Term
Multi-dose
Definition
Large stock containers of medication: more than one dose
Term
Plunger
Definition
Part of a syringe; fits snugly within the syringe plunger; purpose is to empty or fill a syringe
Term
Tablet
Definition
A powdered drug that is compressed or molded into a solid shape; may contain additives that bind the powder or aid in its absorption
Term
4 times a day
Definition
QID
Term
Every day
Definition
QD (do not use)
Term
Sleep
Definition
SL
Term
Intradermal route
Definition
ID
Term
Meter Dose Inhaler
Definition
MDI
Term
Swish and swallow
Definition
S & S
Term
Noon to midnight
Definition
PM
Term
Time Release
Definition
TR
Term
United States Pharmacopeia
Definition
USP
Term
Ampule
Definition
Amp
Term
Intramuscular
Definition
Term
Dram
Definition
dr (unit of measure)
Term
Drop
Definition
gtt
Term
Millagrams
Definition
mg
Term
As Needed/ According to necessity
Definition
PRN
Term
immediately; at once
Definition
Stat
Term
teaspoon
Definition
Tsp
Term
Verbal order
Definition
VO
Term
Sliding scale insulin
Definition
SSI
Term
2 times a day
Definition
BID
Term
every other day
Definition
QOD (do not use)
Term
intravenous
Definition
IV
Term
subcutaneous
Definition
SQ
Term
nebulizer
Definition
NEB
Term
at bedtime
Definition
HS
Term
In the morning before noon
Definition
AM
Term
emergency room
Definition
ER
Term
before meals
Definition
AC
Term
Right
Definition
®
Term
gram
Definition
gm
Term
kilogram
Definition
kg
Term
millaliter
Definition
mL
Term
each; every
Definition
q
Term
tablet
Definition
tab
Term
tablespoon
Definition
Tbls
Term
take; prescription
Definition
Rx
Term
3 times a day
Definition
TID
Term
rectally; per rectum
Definition
PR
Term
Intravenous Piggyback
Definition
IVPB
Term
Intramuscular
Definition
IM
Term
Nasogastric Tube
Definition
NGT
Term
hour
Definition
Hr/ h
Term
Sustained release
Definition
SR
Term
immediately release
Definition
IR
Term
after meals
Definition
PC
Term
Discontinue
Definition
DC
Term
grain
Definition
gr
Term
liter
Definition
L
Term
mouth
Definition
os
Term
every hour
Definition
qh
Term
capsule
Definition
cap
Term
Telephone Order
Definition
TO
Term
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Definition
SSRI
Term
before
Definition
ā
Term
Unit
Definition
U (do not use)
Term
With
Definition
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