Term
| Four Phases of Information Systems Life Cycle |
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Definition
Needs Assessment
System Selection
Implementation
Maintenance |
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Term
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Definition
begins with recognition that current system not meeting needs of clinicians and/or IT
Form steering committee
Develop common vision
Create rough-cut timeline and assign responsibilities
Analyze current system
Determine requirements: user needs, and technical needs
Assign weights to each criterion to reflect relative importance
Phase concludes with a decision to proceed or not |
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Term
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Definition
obtain as much info as practical about potential software solutions and providers
Input from users, unbiased IT experts, trade groups such as HIMSS and AHIMA, conferences, and reliable sources on web
RFI
Analyze RFI helps eliminate non-contenders
RFP/RFQ
site visits
concludes with contract negotiations and supplier selection |
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Term
| RFI (Request For Information) |
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Definition
sent to prospective vendors/suppliers
company history
number of installed sites
hardware and software architecture and technologies
integration with other clinical and admin systems
user support
future software development plans |
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Term
| RFP/RFQ(Request for Proposal/Quotation) |
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Definition
invitation to suppliers to submit a bid
sent to short list of qualified vendors
detailed system specs and priorities
pricing |
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Term
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Definition
appoint project manager
representatives from IT, affected units, and SW vendor
characteristics: good communicator, efficient time management, results-oriented, open to new challenges, team player |
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Term
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Definition
develop detail project schedule and communicate to all
determine what needs to be done, by whom, by when and in what sequence |
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Term
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Definition
actually should be done in system selection phase
networking: data throughput, transfer rates, wired, wireless, servers, storage etc
workstations and mobile devices |
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Term
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Definition
simulate system use with fictitious patient data
ensure system works as designed
discover problems before they arise in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
24-7 user support
no backsliding: looking for excuses to go back before the installation
extra staff on hand to ensure no issues with patient care |
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Term
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Definition
deploy full SW capabilities in one unit only
debug, then rollout to all units |
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Term
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Definition
start with limited SW capabilities for all units
add SW functionality incrementally |
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Term
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Definition
run new and old systems simultaneously
cut over to new system when ready |
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Term
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Definition
| Implement full feature set across all units |
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Term
| Performance Measurement (Implementation Phase) |
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Definition
cost
schedule
meeting user needs |
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Term
| Dealing with the unexpected (Implementation Phase) |
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Definition
changes in scope
contingency funds
'crashing' the schedule: behind, add resources to keep up |
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Term
| How to Fail at IT Project Management |
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Definition
Don't include stakeholders in planning the project
Don't have backup plans
When problems occur, shoot the messenger
Never admit the project is failing
Over-manage the people
Ignore one or more goals of scope, quality, cost, and schedule |
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Term
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Definition
User Feedback
Requests for System Changes: failures, bug fixes, functional enhancements and new capabilities
Approval system to accept, reject, or defer change requests: problem severity, benefits of proposed enhancements, resources required to implement |
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Term
| Information systems Training |
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Definition
a structured approach to providing users with the knowledge needed to use an information system in a clinical setting
set specific goals for improving capabilities, knowledge, skills, competencies and task performance
crucial to the ultimate success of system
often badly under-budgeted |
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Term
| Elements of a Successful IS Training Plan |
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Definition
training tailored to each group of users
conducted in a location removed from the work area
free of work-related interruptions
each person has their own computer for hands-on experience
instruction occurs near to the go live date
appropriate selection of training methods and instructors |
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Term
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Definition
classroom style
engage and create active participants
group activities
enhance attention and learning
costly
limit on # of ppl |
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Term
| Technology-based Training |
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Definition
computer-based application or we-based interface
self-aced
flexible schedule
nobody to ask Qs |
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Term
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Definition
appropriate for short sessions
subject to interruptions
may or may not be able to reach all the ppl who need training |
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Term
| blended approach training |
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Definition
maximizes retention
covers multiple learning styles |
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Term
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Definition
know technology but may not know work processes
may not be skilled at training |
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Term
| HR Training Department Trainers |
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Definition
| have training expertise but usually not knowledgeable of work processes or IT |
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Term
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Definition
understand workflow and information system
have regular job responsibilities that limit time availability |
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Term
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Definition
know technology but no unit work processes
usually skilled trainers |
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Term
| supervisory staff as trainers |
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Definition
| may not have training expertise, workflow knowledge, or information systems background |
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Term
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Definition
protect information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction while keeping info readily available to those who need it
Everyone's Responsibility |
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Term
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Definition
| right of a pt to control what info is collected and how it's used |
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Term
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Definition
| responsibility of providers to disclose info only on a need to know basis |
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Term
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Definition
| authorization (signed by pt) to share info based on an understanding of how it will be used |
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Term
| Consequences f Poor Information Security |
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Definition
HIPAA and CMS compliance
Joint Commission accreditation
Loss of consumer confidence
Financial and legal liability
Lost productivity |
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Term
| Sources of Information Security Threats |
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Definition
Malware: viruses, spyware, key loggers, tojans, worms etc
Phishing and Spoofing: bank account info, and email from a friend
System penetration
Unauthorized Users
Sabotage
Poor password Management |
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Term
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Definition
| restricted access to computers, servers etc |
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Term
| Antivirus and spyware detection SW |
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Definition
identify then block, quarantine, or delete malicious SW apps
ideally intercept problems before they infect
keep virus and spyware definitions up to date with automatic daily downloads |
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Term
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Definition
used to verify that someone is who they claim to be
smart cards and passkeys
biometric devices (fingerprint reader, retina scan) |
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Term
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Definition
each user assigned a unique username and password
minimum 8, preferably 12 characters
combination upper/lower case letters, numbers, and special characters
different passwords for each SW app
change them frequently
ironically, some of these practices lead to less security |
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Term
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Definition
security measures to prevent unauthorized access in and out of a network
combination of SW and HW
evaluate data access requests based on origin, destination, and data type
deny requests that don't meet allowable limits |
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Term
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Definition
restricted access policies by unit, job level etc
employee hiring and termination
non-employee access privileges
help desk precautions |
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Term
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Definition
legal record of pt healthcare information in digital form
one or more encounters within a single organization
structured and unstructured data
exams, diagnoses, treatments, care plans, vitals, interventions, progress notes, test results, outcomes etc... |
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Term
| Electronic Health Record (EHR) |
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Definition
longitudinal record of pt health information generated by one or more encounters in any healthcare delivery setting
consolidation of EMRs from all sources
necessary for NHIN (National Health Information Network) |
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Term
| Personal Health Record (PHR) |
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Definition
Initiated and maintained by an individual
allergies, meds, illnesses, hospitalizations, surgeries, vaccinations, lab test results, family history etc... |
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Term
| Electronic Pt Record (EPR) |
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Definition
| overarching term encompassing EHRs and EMRs |
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Term
| Computerized Pt Record (CPR) |
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Definition
generic term used by IOM
usage declining |
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Term
| Status of EHR and NHIN in USA |
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Definition
No country has fully-functional EHR, US lags behind
President Bush's Executive Order called for NHIN by 2014, Obama extended it to 2015
Holding back progress?: technical standards for document storage and data transfer, clinical vocabulary standardization, cost/benefit inequities among parties involved, perceived security and confidentiality concerns |
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Term
| Information Systems and HIPAA |
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Definition
ensure security and privacy of health information
prevent fraud and abuse
Others: improve efficiency of healthcare delivery
simplify exchange of data between healthcare entities
reduce paperwork associated with processing healthcare transactions |
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Term
| Protected Health Information (PHI) |
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Definition
Any information about status, provision, or payment for healthcare that can be linked to an individual: demographic data, past, present or future physical or mental health problems, provision of healthcare, past, present or future payment
Allowable Uses: investigations by health oversight agencies, law enforcement and judicial proceedings, coroners and funeral directors, organ/tissue donation and transplants, qualified research, national security, worker's compensation investigation |
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Term
| Information Systems and Accreditation |
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Definition
on-site audits to verify compliance
Factors: information security, user trainng, timely data transmission, systems integration and interoperability, outcome reporting ofr improved care, research, financial and legal records, and decision support, record retention, disaster and recovery planning |
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Term
| Information Systems and Reimbursement |
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Definition
Documentation, documentation, documentation
Failure to demonstrate need for a service will result in denial of payment
Information systems can use prompts and required fields to compel entry of necessary information |
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Term
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Definition
use of telecommunication technologies to exchange healthcare information and/or deliver services to patients
Range of applications:
Simple- telephone help line at the hospital
Complex- remote roboics (tele-surgery)
Clinical and Non-clinical use:
monitor compliance, diagnostic evals, educaiton, build a community, transmit data and/or images |
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Term
| Modes of Telehealth Communication |
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Definition
voice, data, video, still images
landline phone, cellular, wired and wireless internet, point-to-point
telephone, computer, handheld device, monitoring equipment |
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Term
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Definition
increased the geographic reach of healthcare providers
fewer facility visits for chronically ill patients
easier access to expert advice
lower cost |
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Term
| Obstacles to Telehealth Implementation |
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Definition
lack of acceptance by healthcare providers and patients
licensing and regulatory issues, especially across state lines
reimbursement for services
cost of equipment, network connectivity, and training |
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Term
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Definition
range of technologies from devices that monitor vital signs to surveillance cameras
used primarily for patients with chronic diseases
issues with proper usage of equipment and compliance |
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Term
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Definition
performing surgery from a remote location
integrates robotics, telecommunication, information systems |
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