Term
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Definition
| A hump or shelf in the nasal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal septum between the nasal cavity and the pharynx of the newborn; if the condition is bilateral, immediate insertion of an oral airway to prevent asphyxia is needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nosebleed site is Kiesselback plexus in anterior septum, causes include nose picking, forceful coughing or sneezing, foreign body, rhinitis, coagulation disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Normally in children, produces macropurulent drainage and foul odor, should remove promptly. Batteries can release voltage or chemicals that burns, or causes necrosis or perforation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hole caused by snorting cocaine, chronic infection, trauma, nasal surgery; It is seen as a spot of light when the penlight is directed into other nare. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small boil in the skin or mucous membrane; red, swollen, painful. Touching causes spread of infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| The first sign is a clear, watery discharge, rhinorrhea, which later becomes purulent. This is accompanied by sneezing and swollen mucosa, which causes nasal obstruction. Turbinates are dark red and swollen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rhinorrhea, itching of the nose and eyes, lacrimation, nasal congestion, and sneezing are present. Note serous edema and swelling of turbinates to fill the air space. Turbinates are usually pale, and their surface looks smooth and glistening. |
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Term
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Definition
| Facial pain after upper respiratory infection. Signs include red, swollen nasal mucosa, swollen turbinates, and purulent discharge, fever, chills, malaise. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smooth, pale gray nodules caused by chronic allergic rhinitis. Symptoms include absence of smell and a valve that moves in the nose as the person breaths. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Canker sore", small, round, "punched out" ulcer with a white base and a red halo. It is painful, lasts 1-2 weeks, there's no known cause, associated with stress, fatigue, and food allergies. It is common. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, blue-white spots with red halo scattered over the mucosa opposite the molars. Sign of measles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chalky white, thick, raised patch with well-defined borders. The lesion is firmly attached and doesn't scrape off. |
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Term
| Candidiasis or Monilil infection |
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Definition
| White, cheesy, curdlike patch that scrapes off leaving red surface that bleeds. "Thrush" in the newborn, occurs after antibiotic use and corticosteroid use, and occurs in immunosuppressed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cold sore that evolves into pustules that rupture, weep, and crust. They are high contagious. |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital defect where the frenulum is short. Creates "tongue tie" and affects speech (a,d,n). |
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Term
| Geographic Tongue (Migratory Glossitis) |
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Definition
| Pattern of normal coating, bright red, shiny, circular bald areas with raised pearly borders. Pattern resembles a map and changes in a few days. Not significant and no known cause. |
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Term
| Smooth, Glossy Tongue (Atropic Glossitis) |
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Definition
| Slick and shiny surface, mucosa thins and looks red (decreased papillae); occurs in vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia), folic acid deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Painless overgrowth, fungal infection, color varies from black to yellow; antibiotic use |
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Term
| Fissured or Scrotal Tongue |
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Definition
| Deep furrows divide papillae into rows. This condition occurs in 5% of the general population and in Down syndrome. Vertical or longitudinal, fissures also occur with dehydration because of reduced volume of the tongue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ulcer with rolled edges. Painful if in the floor of the mouth. Lymphatic drainage is present. Occurs with smoking and alcohol use. |
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Term
| Enlarged tongue (macroglossia) |
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Definition
| May protrude from the mouth. Not painful. May impair speech. |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital defect; failure of fusion of the maxillary process. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uvula looks severed. May indicate submucous cleft palate that affects speech due to inability to trap air. Common in American Indians. Uncommon in whites. Rare in Blacks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bruiselik, dark red or violet, confluent macule. Early oral lesions indicate AIDS. |
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Term
| Acute Tonsilitis and Pharyngitis |
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Definition
| Bright red throat, swollen tonsils, white/yellow exudate on the tonsils and pharynx, swollen uvula, enlarged, sore throat, fever, painful swallowing, swollen joints, rash, and scarring on heart valves. |
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