Term
True or False
Nerves from the autonomic nervous system provide voluntary control over skeletal muscle. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
The parasympathetic nervous system is activated under nonstressful conditions and produces symptoms associated with rest and digestion. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
When neurons are connected to each other at a synapse, the neurotransmitter is released from the postsynaptic nerve. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Norepinephrine is the sympathetic neurotransmitter responsible for activating sweat glands. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Acetylcholine stimulates receptors located within autonomic ganglia and organs associated with the parasympathetic nervous system. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Norepinephrine receptors are of two basic subtypes, alpha and beta. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Cholinergic blockers produce symptoms associated with rest and digest. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
A sympathomimetic is a drug that inhibits the sympathetic nervous system. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Parasympathomimetic drugs produce the same effects as activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Two major categories of cholinergic receptors are muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. |
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Definition
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Term
| The two primary divisions of the nervous system are the _____________ nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the ___________ nervous system. |
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Definition
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Term
| The _____________ nervous system provides involuntary control over smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. |
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Definition
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Term
| The sympathetic nervous system produces the _____ _ ____ response; the parasympathetic nervous system produces symptoms called the _____ ___ ___________ response |
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Definition
Fight or flight
Rest and digest |
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Term
| According to the textbook, three parts of a synapse are the ____________ nerve, the _________ _________, and the ________ nerve. |
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Definition
Presynaptic
Synapse cleft
postsynaptic |
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Term
| ____________ is the main neurotransmitter responsible for sympathetic nervous transmission; _____________ is the main neurotransmitter responsible for parasympathetic nervous transmission. |
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Definition
Norepinephrine
acetylcholine |
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Term
| Sympathetic nerves are often called _________, from the word adrenaline; parasympathetic nerves are called _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Increased heart rate, bronchodilation, decreased motility in the GI tract, mydriasis, and decreased secretions from glands are physiologic responses associated with inactivation of the __________ nervous system or activation of the ____________ nervous system. |
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Definition
parasympathetic
sympathetic |
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Term
| _____________ blockers, primarily used for hypertension, comprise the most commonly prescribed autonomic medications. |
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Definition
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Term
| A class of drugs named after the fight-or-flight response and primarily used for increasing the heart rate, dilating the bronchi, and drying secretions resulting from colds is ____________ or __________ drugs. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ drugs, named after the rest-and-digest response, are commonly used to stimulate the urinary or digestive tract following general anesthesia. |
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Definition
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Term
Beta1 blockers, Alpha1 blockers, Beta1 agents, Alpha1 agents, or Cholinergic (muscarinic) blockers
Cause dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention & increased heart rate
Relax vascular smooth muscle & dry nasal secretions
Cause bronchodilation |
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Definition
Cause dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention & increased heart rate - Cholinergic
Relax vascular smooth muscle & dry nasal secretions – Alpha1 blockers
Cause bronchodilation – Beta1 agents |
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Term
Beta1 blockers, Alpha1 blockers, Beta1 agents, Alpha1 agents, or Cholinergic (muscarinic) blockers
Lower blood pressure without affecting the heart
Decreased heart rate |
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Definition
Lower blood pressure without affecting the heart – Alpha1 agents
Decreased heart rate – Beta1 blockers |
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Term
Matching
Atropine a. Myasthenia gravis
(Isopto Atropine)
Bethanechol b. GI stimulation
(Urecholine)
Pyridostigmine c. Pupil dilation
(Mestinon) during eye exam
Doxazosin (Cardura) d. Asthma inhaler
Albuterol (Proventil) e. Hypertension |
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Definition
Atropine _c_ a. Myasthenia gravis
(Isopto Atropine)
Bethanechol _b_ b. GI stimulation
(Urecholine)
Pyridostigmine _a_ c. Pupil dilation during eye
(Mestinon) exam
Doxazosin (Cardura) _e_ d. Asthma inhaler
Albuterol (Proventil) _d_ e. Hypertension |
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Term
Matching
Scopolamine ___ a. Parasympathomimetic
(Hyoscine)
Phenylephrine ___ b. Anticholinergic
(Neo-Synephrine)
Bethanechol ____ c. Sympathomimetic
(Urecholine)
Propranolol ___ d. Adrenergic blocker
Dobutamine ___
(Dobutrex) |
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Definition
Scopolamine _b_ a. Parasympathomimetic
(Hyoscine)
Phenylephrine _c_ b. Anticholinergic
(Neo-Synephrine)
Bethanechol _a_ c. Sympathomimetic
(Urecholine)
Propranolol _d_ d. Adrenergic blocker
Dobutamine _c_
(Dobutrex) |
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Term
A patient is discharged with a newly prescribed blockers for control of hypertension. The nurse gives discharge instructions. It is inappropriate to include which of the following instructions prior to the patient’s leaving?
A. Report any difficulty with urination.
B. Take the medication for the first time directly prior to getting into bed.
C. Monitor BP and pulse daily.
D. Return for lab tests to monitor renal functions. |
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Definition
| Return for lab tests to monitor renal functions. |
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Term
An adrenergic blocker is MOST DIRECTLY related to which of the following?
A. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
B. Inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system
C. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
D. Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
How does bethanechol (Urecholine) exert its effects?
A. Stimulates cholinergic receptors
B. Blocks cholinergic receptors
C. Blocks beta receptors
D. Stimulates alpha receptors |
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Definition
| Stimulates cholinergic receptors |
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Term
What drugs block the action of norepinephrine at alpha and beta receptors?
A. Parasympathomimetics
B. Parasympatholytics
C. Sympathomimetics
D. Sympatholytics |
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Definition
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Term
A nurse is to give phenylephrine parenterally. What safety precaution would be necessary, especially with this drug?
A. Monitor patency throughout the infusion.
B. Monitor temp of patient q1h during the infusion.
C. Monitor for CNS depression.
D. Monitor for hypotension throughout the infusion |
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Definition
| Monitor patency throughout the infusion. |
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Term
Parasympathomimetics are safe for patients diagnosed with which of the following?
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. GI obstruction
C. Asthma
D. Angina or dysrhythmias |
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Definition
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Term
How does propanolol (Inderal) exert its effects?
A. Stimulates cholinergic receptors
B. Blocks cholinergic receptors
C. Blocks beta receptors
D. Stimulates alpha receptors |
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Definition
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Term
Pseudoephedrine has been ordered for a patient with nasal congestion. The nurse knows the drug can give which of the following side effects?
A. Hypertension, insomnia, and tachycardia
B. Drowsiness and dry mouth
C. Increased heart rate and abdominal cramps
D. Dilated pupils and orthostatic hypotension |
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Definition
| Hypertension, insomnia, and tachycardia |
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Term
Anticholinergics may be used in the treatment of peptic ulcers. What action makes this drug useful in this condition?
A. Decreases gastric emptying time
B. Decreases gastric acid secretions
C. Decreases intestinal motility
D. Relaxes gastric smooth muscles |
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Definition
| Decreases gastric acid secretions |
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Term
What are sympathomimetics also called?
A. Cholinergic agents
B. Adrenergic agents
C. Cholinergic blockers
D. Adrenergic blockers |
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Definition
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Term
Epinephrine is a nonselective adrenergic agent. What is the disadvantage of this nonspecific action?
A. It causes more autonomic side effects.
B. This drug cannot be used for nervous system conditions.
C. It will not cross the blood-brain barrier.
D. It can be given only by subcutaneous injection. |
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Definition
| It causes more autonomic side effects. |
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Term
A patient is prescribed Mestinon for myasthenia gravis. Which of the following would be inappropriate to teach the patient?
A. Take the drug at the same times each day.
B. Take the drug on a full stomach.
C. Monitor liver enzymes as requested.
D. Maintain a journal of episodes of weakness and how long they occur after the drug is given. |
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Definition
| Take the drug on a full stomach |
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Term
Neostigmine is an example of which of the following?
A. Cholinergic blocker
B. Nicotinic blocker
C. Cholinergic agent
D. Cholinesterase inhibitor |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following drugs dry up body secretions?
A. Bethanechol (Urecholine)
B. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
C. Atropine (Isopto Atropine)
D. Doxazosin (Cardura) |
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Definition
| Atropine (Isopto Atropine) |
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Term
Atropine is usually not prescribed for any patient with glaucoma. The nurse knows the contraindication is due to which of the following effects of atropine?
A. Increase in intraocular pressure
B. Decrease in lacrimation
C. Decrease in lateral movement of the eyes
D. Increase in difficulty with night vision due to pupillary constriction |
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Definition
| Increase in intraocular pressure |
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Term
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is most similar to which abused substance?
A. Tretrahydrocannabinol (THC)
B. Ketamine
C. Methamphetamine
D. Ethyl alcohol |
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Definition
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Term
When a drug is referred to as an agonist, it can do which of the following?
A. Be a facilitator of an action.
B. Be an inhibitor of an action.
C. Have a potentiated action.
D. Make one drug interact with another drug |
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Definition
| Be a facilitator of an action |
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Term
What are the most commonly abused sympathomimetics?
A. Amphetamines
B. Proventil
C. Sudafed/pseudoephedrine
D. Marijuana |
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Definition
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Term
What is an example of an illegal CNS stimulant?
A. Propoxyphene (Darvon)
B. Flurazepam (Dalmane)
C. Heroin
D. Cocaine |
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Definition
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Term
The nurse is to administer medications using the “five rights.” To give medications to a patient without an ID bracelet violates which of the rights?
A. Right medications
B. Right time
C. Right patient
D. Right route |
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Definition
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