acarbose

Precose

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: oral, At start of meal, 2-3x/day. Often 2 are given – staggered times to reduce adverse effects. Chk BG before administering

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

finasteride

Proscar

antiprostatic/a-reductase inhibitor

Admin: oral, daily, long term for mild to moderate. May take months to work

TFX: Dec urinary sx: dec frequency, urgency, hesitancy, Improved bladder emptying ,Dec. incidence of UTIs, no problems w/ dec. renal function

glipizide

Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: oral, Before meals (30 min), 2-3x/day. Often 2 are given – staggered times to reduce adverse effects. Chk BG before administering

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

glucagon

(none)

hyperglycemic

Admin: place pt on side, SQ/IM, IV. Chk glucose before and after. Once LOC improves – give oral glucose to keep BG up – has very short half-life

TFX: improved blood glucose levels, improved LOC, HR normal

hydrocortisone

Cortef, Hydrocortone

corticosteroid/glucocorticoid

Admin: oral, IV (esp. for bolus) daily in am. Until s/sx reduced or controlled. TAPER dose

TFX: imp. BP, weight stable, Blood glucose –levels inc., A&O x 3, electrolytes WNL -Na+ (up) K+ (down) OR COPD – improved breathing, O2 Arthritis - dec. pain, inc. joint mobil. Crohn’s – improved bowel patterns, no s/sx of organ rejection, no Allergic responses

levothyroxine

Synthroid

thyroid hormone

Admin: daily before breakfast, orally

TFX: return of normal metabolic activities and relief of S/Sx hypothyroidism: serum T3, T4 – levels up, inc. energy&alertness, improved bowel patterns, imp. Appetite. Chk. Vs – inc BP, HR, RR, temp

metformin HCl

Glucophage

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: oral, With meals (usually bkft)

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

oxytocin

Pitocin, Syntocinon

oxytocic

Admin: Routes: IM, IV infusion, intranasal. Contraindications: unfavorable fetal positions; fetal distress; uterine problems/prior uterine or cervical surgeries; if vaginal deliveries are contraindicated

TFX: Inc force and frequency of uterine contractions. outcome: childbirth, firm uterine fundus, dec vaginal bleeding, + milk let-down

propylthiouracil

PTU

antithyroid agent

Admin: oral, 3x/day, pt up to 40 years

TFX: return of normal metabolic function and relief of S/Sx hyperthyroidism: serum T3, T4 – levels decrease, dec irritability, calmer, impvd. Sleep, bowel function – regular patterns, weight increase, vs – dec HR, etc

radioactive iodine

131 I

antithyroid agent

Admin: oral, one time dose, middle aged or elderly

TFX: return of normal metabolic function and relief of S/Sx hyperthyroidism: serum T3, T4 – levels decrease, dec irritability, calmer, impvd. Sleep, bowel function – regular patterns, weight increase, vs – dec HR, etc

regular insulin

Humulin R, Novolin R

hypoglycemic

Admin: SQ, IM, IV, (intranasal), room temp. Rotate injection sites systematically, within the same anatomic area until all sites are used. Timing: when onset of action is anticipated; usually ~30 minutes before meals.

TFX: Blood glucose levels, nopolyuria, polydipsia, or polyphagia, no ketones in urine

repaglinide

Prandin

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: Before meals (30 min), 2-3x/day. Often 2 are given – staggered times to reduce adverse effects. Chk BG before administering

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

rosiglitazone

Avandia

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: oral, No timing issues, 2-3x/day. Often 2 are given – staggered times to reduce adverse effects. Chk BG before administering

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

sildenafil

Viagra

erectile dysfunction agent

Admin: PO, take 30-60 minutes before intercourse, Onset: less than 1 hour, Duration: up to 4 hours, Contraindications: CANNOT take concurrently with nitrates -> serious CV adverse effects

TFX: erection achieved and maintained for penetration/sexual intercourse

somatropin

Genotropin, Humatrope

anterior pituitary agent

Admin: only to children before growth plates have closed. SQ, IM, 3x/week

TFX: growth. Check height, weight, head circumference, emotional status

strong iodine solution

Logol's Solution

antithyroid agent

Admin: oral, 3x/day, short term. Use a straw. Cannot be given before PTU

TFX: return of normal metabolic function and relief of S/Sx hyperthyroidism: serum T3, T4 – levels decrease, dec irritability, calmer, impvd. Sleep, bowel function – regular patterns, weight increase, vs – dec HR, etc

terbutaline sulfate

Brethine

tocolytic/beta adrenergic agonist

Admin: SQ, IV, PO (maintenance tx); Duration-can be given up to 48 hours to delay preterm labor

TFX: Labor stopped

testosterone base

Andro

male hormone/androgen

Admin: PO, SQ, IM, buccal, gel/topical creams, transdermal patch. Containdic. liver disease, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatic cancer

TFX: +masculinizing effects – growth of sex organs, body hair growth, deepening voice; able to achieve an erection; improved sperm count; inc. appetite, weight gain; euphoria; dec progression of breast cancer

tolbutamide

Orinase

hypoglycemic/oral hypoglycemic

Admin: Before meals (30 min)

TFX: Blood glucose levels bet. 70-120 (normal range), or improved. No polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, ketones in urine

vasopressin injection

Pitressin

posterior pituitary hormone

Admin: IV/IM freq. varies. If given to prevent post-op bleeding, give 30 min. before procedure.

TFX: monitor fluid volume - weight, BP, I&O, urine specific gravity