Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, PENICILLINS:
-Hypersensitivity
-Resistance
-GI distress (when PO)
-Blood dyscrasias (RARE!) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, CEPHALOSPORINS:
-Hypersensitivity; Cross-sensitivity to penicillins
-AAPMC: antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis
-Nephrotoxic with preexisting renal Dz. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, TETRACYCLINES:
-Resistance
-N/V/D
-Photosensitivity
-Yellow-brown teeth in pt.s <8 yrs
-Preg. Cat. D |
|
|
Term
erythromycin
(E-Mycin, Erythrocin) |
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, MACROLIDES:
-Hypersensitivity
-N/V/D, abdominal pain
-hepatotoxicity (RARE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, AMINOGLYCOSIDES:
-Nephrotoxicity
-Ototoxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, FLOUROQUINOLONES:
-N/V/D, hepatotoxicity
-dizziness, headache, sleep disturbance
-photosensitivity
-dysrhythmias
-tendonitis, tendon rupture |
|
|
Term
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
(Bactrim, Septra) |
|
Definition
| ANTIBACTERIAL, SULFONAMIDES:
-Resistance
-Hypersensitivity
(Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)
life-threatening condition affecting the skin in which cell death causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis, may also injure eyes
-renal insufficiency r/t crystalluria
-N/V/A
-blood dyscrasias r/t blocked folic acid (B6) synthesis |
|
|
Term
imipenem/cilastatin
(Primaxin) |
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, CARBAPENEMS (MISC):
similar adv. FX to penicillin:
-Hypersensitivity
-Resistance
-GI distress (when PO)
-Blood dyscrasias (RARE!) |
|
|
Term
nitrofurantoin
(Macrodantin) |
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, URINARY ANTISEPTICS (MISC):
-N/V/A/D
-Hypersensitivity
-Blood dyscrasias
-Neurotoxicity- peripheral neuritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIBACTERIAL, MONOBACTAMS:
-Nephrotoxicity
-Ototoxicity
-"red-man" syndrome: presents like a hypersensitivity, but is not a true allergic reaction. Avoided by administering antipyretic and/or antihistamine prior to vancomycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTITUBERCULAR, FIRST-LINE:
-N/V, Hepatotoxicity
-Peripheral neuropathy
-Blood dyscrasias: anemia
Note: rifampin- red-orange discoloration of body fluids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIFUNGALS, SUPERFICIAL:
-Skin irritation or rash (w/topical admin.)
-N/V/D (w/PO admin.) |
|
|
Term
amphotericin B
(Fungizone) |
|
Definition
ANITFUNGAL, SYSTEMIC:
-@ start of Tx: N/V, chills, fever, HA (these subside w/continued use)
-Nephrotoxicity
-Electrolyte imbalances
-Cardiac arrest, hypotension, dysrhythmias
-Blood dyscrasias
-Hepatotoxicity
-hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIFUNGAL, SYSTEMIC (may be used superficially also)
-N/V/D, hepatotoxicity
-menstrual abnormalities
-gynomastia (enlarged male breasts)
-reduced libido |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIPARASITIC, ANTIPROTOZOAL:
-N/V/D
-Pruritis, skin rash
-(w/high dose)CNS convulsions, confusion, reduced reflexes
-(w/high doses) hypotension, dysrhythmias
-Blurred vision, photophobia, retinal damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIPARASITIC, ANTIPROTOZOAL:
-N/V/D/A
-Antabuse (disulfiram) reaction w/alcohol
-CNS toxicity- seizures, paresthesia, dizziness, headache
-BMD (?)
-Darkened urine
-Unpleasant taste, dry mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIPARASITIC, ANTIHELMINTHIC:
-Abdominal pain, distention
-Diarrhea |
|
|
Term
zidovudine
(AZT, Retrovir) |
|
Definition
ANTIVIRALS, ANTIRETROVIRALS:
-N/V/A/D
-BMD: anemia, granulocytopenia
-gen. weakness, fatigue, myalgia
-peripheral neuropathy
-pancreatitis
-lipodystrophy (fat redistribution) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIVIRAL, ANTIRETROVIRAL:
-Rash, fever
-N/D/abdominal pain
-Hepatotoxicity
-Dizziness, fatigue
-Drug resistance |
|
|
Term
saquinavir
(Invirase, Fortovase) |
|
Definition
ANTIVIRAL, ANTIRETROVIRAL:
-N/V/D, dyspepsia
-Gen. fatigue
-Blood dyscrasias: thrombocytopenia, anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIVIRAL, ANTIHERPESVIRAL
-N/V/D (PO)
-Nephrotoxicity w/preexisting renal Dz (IV)
-Resistance |
|
|
Term
cyclophosphamide
(Cytoxan) |
|
Definition
ANTINEOPLASTIC, ALKYLATING AGENT:
-Bone marrow suppression
-N/V
-alopecia (hair loss)
-epithelial tissue damage
-hemmorrhagic cystitis
Note: cisplatin adds nephrotoxicity to above FX |
|
|
Term
methotrexate
(Folex, Mexate) |
|
Definition
ANTINEOPLASTIC, ANTIMETABOLITE:
-Bone marrow suppression
-stomatitis (inflammation of mucus linings of mouth)
-photosensitivity
-sunburn-like rash
-Alopecia
-N/V
-Pulmonary toxicity
-Hepatotoxicity
-Renal damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTINEOPLASTIC, ANTITUMOR ANTIBIOTIC:
-Bone marrow suppression
-Stomatitis (oral mucosa inflammation)
-Alopecia
-N/V
-Severe tissue damage w/extravasation
-Irreversible cardiomyopathy
-Renal and pulmonary toxicity
-Red-orange urine 48 hours after administration (harmless) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTINEOPLASTIC, ANTIESTROGEN:
-Hot flashes
-N/V
-Transient leukopenia or thrombocytopenia
-Opthalmic problems |
|
|
Term
vincristine sulfate
(Oncovin) |
|
Definition
ANTINEOPLASTIC, NATURAL PRODUCTS:
-Bone marrow suppression
-Alopecia
-peripheral neuropathies and other neurotoxicities
-severe local necrosis with extravasation
-stomatitis
-N/V/C
-tumor pain
-SIADH(?) |
|
|
Term
calcium gluconate
(Kalcinate) |
|
Definition
CALCIUM REGULATORS, Ca SUPPLEMENTS:
-hypercalcemia (weakness, hypoactive reflexes)
-Renal calculi
-Dysrhythmias, hypotension (esp. IV admin)
-can cause lowered phosphate, altered magnesium levels |
|
|
Term
calcitriol
(Calcijex, Rocaltrol) |
|
Definition
CALCIUM REGULATORS, VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTS:
-hypercalcemia (weakness, hypoactive reflexes)
-Renal calculi> renal impairment
-Toxicity w/liver Dz (vit. D is fat-soluble, may accumulate), cause Ca to leave bones
-may affect phosphorus and Mg levels |
|
|
Term
etidronate disodium
(Didronel) |
|
Definition
CALCIUM REGULATORS, BIPHOSPHONATES:
-Hypocalcemia (neuromuscular irritablity, tetany) Chvostek's sign-facial spasm, Trousseau's sign-hand spasm
-N/V/D, metallic taste
-Renal insufficiency
-Dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CALCIUM REGULATORS, SERMS (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators):
-Hot flashes, endometrial disorders, breast pain, vaginal bleeding
-Migraine headache
-Deep vein thrombosis
-Can reduce effectiveness of anticoagulants; avoid antilipidemics and HRT |
|
|
Term
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
(Plaquenil) |
|
Definition
ANTIRHEUMATICS, DMARDs (Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs)
-N/V/A
-headache, seizures
-alopecia (hair loss)
-mood/psychological changes
-blurred vision, photophobia, blacked-out areas of visual field, retinal damage
-agranulocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIGOUT, URIC ACID INHIBITOR:
-N/V/D (at beginning of therapy, then decrease)
-aplastic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis
-B12 deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIINFECTIVE, ANTIPARASITIC:
-Local skin irritation
-Neurotoxic FX: restlessness, dizziness, tremors, convulsions
-Inhalation/ingestion may cause headache, N/V, irritation of ears, nose, throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANESTHETIC, LOCAL:
Minimal Adv. FX
-Rare: methemoglobinemia- abnormal levels of oxidized hemoglobin unable to bind/transport oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIACNE:
-conjunctivitis, dry mouth, inflammation of lips, dry nose , photosensitivity
-increased serum triglycerides
-bone/joint pain
-depression
-N/V, hepatotoxicity
-hyperglycemia
*no blood donations for 6 mos. after discontinued treatment* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIGLAUCOMA, PROSTAGLANDIN:
-Iris darkens
-thicker, longer eyelashes
-stinging/redness of eyes w/application |
|
|
Term
timolol
(Timoptic, Timoptic XE) |
|
Definition
ANTIGLAUCOMA, BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKER:
-With systemic absorption: bronchoconstriction, dysrhythmias, hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIULCER, HISTAMINE-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST:
-D/C
-Drowsiness, dizziness (most common w/ renal or hepatic Dz), confusion, restlessness, hallucinations, depression
-Reduced blood counts (inhibits B12 absorption in OAs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIULCER, PROTON-PUMP INHIBITOR:
-Minor adverse FX
-N/V/D, abdominal pain
-rash
-headache if used long-term
-incr. risk of gastric cancer |
|
|
Term
aluminum hydroxide
(Amphojel) |
|
Definition
ANTIULCER, ANTACID:
-Adv. FX typically occur w/high doses
-N/V/D, abdominal cramping, distention, burps
-electrolyte imbalance r/t compound taken (Mg, Ca, Na)
Note: no impact on H. Pylori bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIULCER, MISC.:
-Minimal Adv. FX
-Constipation, dry mouth
-no effect on H. Pylori |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIULCER, MISC.:
-Minimal Adv. FX
-D, abdominal cramping |
|
|
Term
psyllium mucilloid
(Metamucil) |
|
Definition
LAXATIVES, BULK-FORMING AGENT:
-D/N, abdominal cramping
-fainting
-aspiration, bowel obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LAXATIVES, STOOL SOFTENER/SURFACTANT:
-D/N, abdominal cramping
-fainting |
|
|
Term
magnesium hydroxide
(Milk of Magnesia) |
|
Definition
LAXATIVES, OSMOTIC:
-D/N, abdominal cramping
-fainting
-Electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, fluid retention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LAXATIVE, STIMULANT:
-D/N, abdominal cramping
-fainting
-laxative dependence |
|
|
Term
diphenoxylate with atropine
(Lomotil) |
|
Definition
ANTIDIARRHEAL, OPIOID:
-Constipation
-dizziness, drowsiness
-anticholinergic FX: dry mouth, tachycardia
-abuse r/t atropine |
|
|
Term
scopolamine
(Transderm Scop) |
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, ANTICHOLINERGIC:
-drowsiness, sedation
-dry mouth
-urinaty retention |
|
|
Term
dimenhydrinate
(Dramamine) |
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, ANTIHISTAMINE:
-drowsiness, sedation
-dry mouth |
|
|
Term
prochlorperazine
(Compazine) |
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, PHENOTHIAZINE/DOPAMINE ANTAGONIST:
-drowsiness, sedation
-hypotension (incl. orthostatic htn.)
-tachycardia
-extrapyramidal FX (dyskinesia, distonia, akathisia, parkinsonism) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, SERATONIN ANTAGONIST:
-drowsiness, sedation
-diarrhea
-dizziness, headache, fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, CANNABINOIDS:
-drowsiness, sedation
-dry mouth
-altered: mood, cognition, perception
-dysphoria
-drowsiness, dizziness
-anxiety, tachycardia
-conjunctivitis
-abuse potential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTIEMETIC, PROKINETIC:
-drowsiness, sedation
-extrapyramidal FX
-Diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANOREXIANT:
-Headache
-dry mouth, constipation
-Nervousness, insomnia, hyperactivity
-Tolerance to appetite-suppression FX
-increased adv. FX w/OTC decongestants |
|
|
Term
pancrelipase
(Cotazym, Pancrease) |
|
Definition
NUTRITIONAL REPLACEMENT, PANCREATIC ENZYME:
-N/V/D
-hyperuricosuria (excess uric acid in urine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NUTRITIONAL REPLACEMENT, VITAMIN:
-Adv. FX uncommon w/low dose
-A/V/D
-Dry, scaly skin, alopecia
-leukopenia
-CNS toxicity w/acute ingestion:
headache, irritability, drowsiness, delirium, coma |
|
|
Term
folic acid
(Folacin, Folvite) |
|
Definition
NUTRITIONAL REPLACEMENT, VITAMIN:
-Side FX rare w/low dose |
|
|
Term
hepatitis B vaccine
(Recombivax HB, Engerix-B) |
|
Definition
IMMUNIZATION AGENT, VACCINE:
-mild tenderness @ injection site, local inflammation
-Fever, fatigue, malaise, headache
-More severe allergy possible |
|
|
Term
interferon alfa-2A
(Roferon-A) |
|
Definition
IMMUNOSTIMULANT, INTERFERON:
-Flu-like symptoms (50% of pts.):
--fever, chills, fatigue, dizziness
--N/V/D/A
-hypotension, dysrhythmias
-Myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity; Depression, psychosis |
|
|
Term
cyclosporine
(Sandimmune, Neoral) |
|
Definition
IMMUNOSUPRESSANT, CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR:
-Nephrotoxic in 75% of pts. (dep on dose)
-Infection in 74% of pts:
--fever, sore throat
-Hypertension
-Tremors
-Hirsutism (excessive hair on women)
-Lymphomas
-(uncommon) Hepatotoxicity |
|
|
