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| Is defined as a constituent particle of the atomic nucleus, either a neutron or a proton. |
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| A species of atom characterized by the constitution of its nucleus, which is specified by its atomic mass and atomic number, or number of protons (z), number of neutrons (N), and energy content. |
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| Defined as nuclides which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Therefore, any nuclides which have the same atomic number (i.e., the same element) but different atomic mass numbers are __. |
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- Mass and energy are interchangeable.
- The mass of an object depends on its speed.
- E=mc2
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| Where two particles with mass, specifically a positron and an electron (negatron), collide and are transformed into two rays (photons) of electromagnetic energy. |
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| The total mass of the atom is less that the sum of the masses of the individual protons and neutrons. |
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The energy that binds the atoms nucleus together. ______ is the energy equivalent of mass defect.
Also, the energy that must be applied to the nucleus in order to break it apart.
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| Binding Energy per Nucelon |
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If the total binding energy of a nucleus is divided by the total number of nucleons in the nucleus, the _____ is obtained.
This represents the average energy which must be supplied in order to remove a nucleon from the nucleus.
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| Critical energy for fission |
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| The energy required to drive the nucleus to the point of separation. |
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| The condition in which the neutrons produced by fission are equal to the number of neutrons in the previous generation. |
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Effective Multiplication Constant
The ratio of the number of neutrons in the reactor in one generation to the number of neutrons in the previous generation.
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| If too many neutrons escape from the system or are absorbed but do not produce a fission, then the system is said to be subcritical and the chain reaction will eventually stop. |
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| If the population of neutrons remains constant, the chain reaction will be sustained. The system is thus said to be critical (normal operation). |
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| If the two or three neutrons produced in one fission each go on to produce another fission, the number of fissions and the production of neutrons will increase exponentially. In this case the chain reaction is said to be supercritical. |
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Definition
- Another reaction between nuclei which can be the source of power.
- The act of combining two or more atomic nuclei.
- The process of fusing nuclei into a larger nucleus with an accompanying release of energy.
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