Term
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Definition
| 3 weeks post conception
Neural tube becomes the spinal cord and the brain. You need folic acid for this! |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 weeks for formation
4-5 weeks for four chambers
at 8 weeks we can hear the fetal heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Finished forming 6-8 weeks post conception
It's usually a teratogen that causes cleft palate |
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Term
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Definition
| Agent that acts directly on the developing fetus, causing abnormal embryonic or fetal development
Ex. viruses, bacteria, heavy metals, medications ect |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormone production: hCG(marker for pregnancy), Human plaental lactogen, progesterone and estrogen
Metabolic functions: respiration (passing O2 to fetus, holds O2 reserve), nutrition, excretion (takes fetal watstes, CO2); storage |
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Term
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Definition
| Fetal membrane--Outside, towards uterus. Contains chorionic villi on the surface (which are fingerlike projections extending into the endometrium to obtain O2/nutrients from the maternal blood stream and to dispose of embryonic wastes)
Contains umbilical blood vessels
becomes the covering of the fetal side of the placenta |
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Term
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Definition
| Shiny
Becomes coering of the umbilical cord
Covers the chorion of the fetal surface of the placenta |
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Term
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Definition
| From day 15 to 8 weeks post conception
Most critical time in the development of organ systems and main external features
By the end of the 8 week post conception all organ systems and external structures are present |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st stage of pregnancy
From conception to day 15 |
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Term
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Definition
| Fingerlike projections into the endometrium whihc stick in the uterus to obtain O2/nutrients and to expel waste.
Derived from trophoblast tissue. (The tissue that becomes the placenta) |
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Term
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Definition
| From 9 weeks to birth
CNS and eyes are still developing and vulnerable to teratogens |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability of the fetus to survive otuside the womb
Usually around 22 weeks gestation (though they really only have a 25% survival rate, and 80% of those will have major health issues)
We usually do resusitation for fetuses at 24 weeks or over 500g. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shunts most blood away from the liver, and to the heart (from the umbilical cord/mother). (A little blood does go to the liver for development purposes.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Hole between the atria which allows blood to shunt from the right side of the heart to the left |
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Term
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Definition
| Shunts blood from the pulmonary artery (around the lungs) into the aorta. (Some blood does go to the lungs to help with development) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ratio of lecithin (the most critical surfactant required for postnatal lung expansion) to sphingomyelin (a surfactant which remains fairly constant)
The ratio of these to consider fetal lungs mature is 2:1, which occurs around 35 weeks.
You can give steriods to speed up the process |
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Term
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Definition
| Open neural tube defect develops in the fourth week |
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Term
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Definition
| IgG- Passively acquired from mother. (It's the only one that goes from mom via the placenta)
IgM- fetus produces in the 1st trimester
IgA Not produced by the fetus; present in colostrum (the mother's first milk) These are aquired through breast feeding and help the gut. |
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Term
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Definition
| Softening of the cervix (caused by the oomph of progesterone) Occurs around 6 weeks. Probable sign |
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Term
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Definition
| Blue-purplish hue to cervix, due to increased vascularity. Probable sign |
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Term
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Definition
| Thinning of the lower uterine segment (isthmus); Probable sign |
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Term
| Braxton Hicks Contractions |
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Definition
| Less intense uterine contractions; "practice contractions"; Occur around 35 weeks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Human Chorionic gonadotrophin
Important in high risk pregnancies. You do serial hCG if there are multiple miscarriages or pregnancies |
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Term
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Definition
| Add 7 days to LMP
Subtract 3 mo
Add one year |
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Term
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Definition
| Feeling the baby moves. Approximately 20 weeks in nullips |
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Term
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Definition
| Also called fetal drop
Descent of fetus into the pelvis in the 3rd trimester
Nulliparous occurs 2 weeks before lapor
Mutiparous- occurs at the start of labor |
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Term
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Definition
| Nullip-round
Multip- slit like |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase blood volume by 45% (but mostly plasma, so decrease in Hct, HgB-less than 35Hct or 10g/dlHgb=anemia) increase CO, increase stroke volume, increase HR, increase heart size
BP: 1st trimester unchanged; 2nd trimester decreases; 3rd trimester returns to 1st trimester levels
Altered PMI |
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Term
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Definition
| Never allow a patient greater than 14weeks to lay flat on their back. The uterus compresses the vena cava, which reduces cardiac output and causes "supine hypotension" |
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Term
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Definition
| You get more stasis b/c of malformation and stretching--counsil on UTI signs
frequency without being able to urinate, burning, blood in urine, pain) come in for UTI immediately because a bladder spasm can lead to premature labor |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates uterine contractions and let down reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| Toxoplamosis
Other: HepB, HIV, Syphilis (RPR); Herpes Zoster; Strep B
Rubella: SAB, congenital anomalies, hearing loss, psychomotor retardation
CMV-mental retardation; hearing deficits; microcephaly; hydrocephalus
Herpes-SAB; Preterm labor; HSV development; death |
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