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Details

NU 214 Test 2
Head and neck cancer
37
Nursing
Pre-School
02/14/2014

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Supraglottis is
Definition
top part of the larynx
Term
Glottis is
Definition
the middle part or the vocal cords
Term
Subglottis is
Definition
it connects to the trachea
Term
Epiglottis is
Definition
protects your lungs from food and liquid when you swallow
Term

Early symptoms of Head/Neck Cancer

 

Definition
  • Hoarseness that lasts >3wk
  • Persistent cough
  • Sore throat
  • pain
  • burning
  • Lump in neck >3wk
Term
Later symptoms of Neck/Throat Cancer
Definition
  • dysphagia
  • dyspnea
  • unilateral nasal obstruction
  • persistent hoarseness
  • persistent ulceration
  • foul breath
Term
Generalized symptoms of Neck/Throat Cancer
Definition
  • weight loss
  • debilitation
  • lymphadenopathy
  • radiation of pain to ear
Term
To diagnoses Head and Neck cancer are?
Definition
  • Hx
  • Physical exam
  • laryngoscopic exam
  • biopsy - confirms cancer
Term
How are tumors staged?
Definition

by the TMN classification

  • T - tumor
  • N - nodes
  • M - metastasis
Term
T for Tumor
Definition
its size and how far it has spread
Term
N for nodes
Definition
spread to nearby lymph nodes in the neck
Term
M for metastasis
Definition
spread to distant organs, usually to the lungs
Term

CT MRI PET are for what ?

 

Definition
to assess tumor extent and stage, to determine reoccurence
Term

Vocal cord nodules are

 

Definition
  • benign growths on both vocal cords by vocal abuse
  • hard callous like growths
  • become larger and stiffer the longer the vocal cord abuse continues
Term
Polyps are
Definition
  • swelling or bump
  • stalk like growth
  • blister like lesion
  • larger than nodules
  • aka polypoid degeneration
  • aka Reinke's edema
Term
main difference between nodules and polyps are
Definition
nodule is callous and a polyp as a blister
Term
Tmnt of Ca of the Larynx is
Definition
  • surgery
  • radiation
  • chemo
  • combination therapy
Term
Nursing process Assessment Ca of Head and Neck
Definition
  1. Health hx (smoking, work)
  2. Assess literacy ( have to be able to follow directions)
  3. assess family
  4. physcial exam
  5. biospy
Term
Nursing process Diagnosis of Ca Head/Neck
Definition
  • Impaired oral mucous membrantes
  • dental disease
  • imbalance nutrition
  • disturbed body image
  • fear of pain and social isolation
  • impaired verbal communication
  • risk of infection
  • knowledge deficit
Term
Nursing Process Planning for Ca of the Head/Neck
Definition
  • oral mucus membranes
  • nutrition
  • self image
  • pain
  • communication
  • infection
  • knowledge
Term
Surgical treatment for Head/Neck Ca
Definition
  • radical neck dissection
  • modified radical neck dissection
Term
Radical Neck dissection is
Definition
  • removal of
  • cervical lymph nodes
  • sternomastoid muscle
  • internal jugular vein
  • spinal accessory nerve on one side
Term
Complications of radical neck dissection
Definition
  • shoulder drop
  • poor cosmesis ( neck depression)
Term
Problems from surgery include
Definition
  • hemorrhage - carotid artery
  • chyle fistula - thoracic duct damage, leaking lymphatic fluid
  • Nerve injury
    • cervical plexus
    • spinal accessory nerves
    • facial nerve
Term
types of Laryngectomy surgery
Definition
  • partial
  • horizontal
  • hemi- laryngectomy
  • total larygectomy
Term
Partial Laryngectomy is
Definition
  • Early stage of Cancer in glottic area
  • one vocal cord, portion of larynx removed
  • High cure rate
  • airway intact
  • no dysphagia
  • voice may change, hoarseness
Term
Horizontal Laryngectomy is
Definition
  • aka Supraglottic laryngectomy
  • voice sparring
  • lesions involving epiglottis, false vocal cords, hyoid bone
  • neck dissection of 1 or both sides
  • aspiration issues
  • must learn to swallow again
Term

Hemilaryngectomy is

 

Definition
  • aka vertical
  • tumor extends beyond the vocal cords
  • half of larynx removed
  • not allowed to swallow 7-10 post op
  • difficulty swallowing long term problem
  • hoarse voice
  • airway, swallow intact
Term
Potential problems of Partial, horizontal , vertical are
Definition
  • aspiration
  • respiratory distress
  • infection
  • wound breakdown
  • hemorrhages
  • nutrition
Term
TEP is
Definition
  • Tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis
Term
TEP in depth is
Definition
  • tube inserted between the trachea and esophagus
  • allows air to pass back to mouth to recreate the new voice

 

Term
Total Larynectomy PT teaching:
Definition
  1. stoma care
  2. tracheostomy care
  3. surgical wound care
  4. medical alert bracelett
  5. activity restrictions
  6. shower precautions
Term
Indications for radiation
Definition
  • early stage
  • reduce size of tumor
  • poor surgical risk
    • age
    • comorbidities
    • physical condition
Term
Disadvantages of radiation
Definition
  • daily treatments for weeks
  • radiation induced fibrosis
  • may fail and need surgery
Term
Adverse effects of radiation
Definition
  • signs of skin desquamation
    • erythma, edema, pain
  • neck edema
    • tracheostomy tray
  • weight loss
    • feeding tube
Term
adverse effects of chemo
Definition
  • dehydration
  • N/V
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • mucositis
  • neutropenia
  • infection
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