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NRSG 350 Exam Three
Dimensions of Cancer
28
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
11/09/2011

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Term
Cancer
Definition
An "umbrella" term to describe more than 100 diseases
Term
Carcinogenesis
Definition
the process by which one or more cells undergo genetic changes that result in malignant transformation
Term
Carcinogens
Definition
Viruses, ultraviolet and ionizing radiation, chemical agents, physical agents, HPV
Term
anaplasia
Definition
cells don't divide identically; they change from the original
Term
autonomy
Definition
cells don't work together
Term
density-dependent growth inhibition
Definition
cancer cells just push other cells out of their way
Term
restriction point control
Definition
cancer cells take anything they can to grow
Term
adhesion
Definition
cancer cells don't have this so they just drift away.
Term
angiogenesis
Definition
cancer cells grow their own blood supply
Term
differentiation
Definition
cancer cells don't perform the functions that their parent cells performed.
Term
In situ
Definition
"in the original position" there has been no penetration of the basement membrane so this is the easiest cancer to remove
Term
epithelial
Definition
carcinoma
Term
connective
Definition
sarcoma
Term
lymphatic
Definition
lymphoma
Term
nerve cells
Definition
glioma
Term
blood forming cells
Definition
leukemia, myeloma
Term
benign
Definition
(not cancer) tumor cells grow only locally and cannot spread by invasion or metastasis.
Term
malignant
Definition
(cancerous) cells invade neighboring tissues, enter blood vessels and metastasize to different sites
Term
incidence
Definition
number of new cases diagnosed per year
Term
mortality
Definition
number of deaths from cancer in the last year
Term
5 year survival
Definition
% of people diagnosed with a certain type of cancer and are still alive 5 years later
Term
7 warning signs of cancer CAUTION
Definition
Change in bowel/bladder habits, A sore, Unusual bleeding, Thickening, Indigestion, Obvious change in wart, Nagging cough
Term
Blastoma
Definition
a tumor originating from undifferentiated embryonic cells and having little or no connective tissue
Term
Standard therapies for cancer treatment
Definition
surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, biologic response modifiers, hematopoeitic stem cell transplant
Term
Cytokines
Definition
regulatory proteins, stimulate both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses as well as activation of phagocytic cells.
Term
hematopoeitic stem cell transplants
Definition
replace diseased stem cells that are causing underlying disease. provide healthy stem cells to a pt whose marrow has been compromised
Term
Biopsy
Definition
definitive cancer diagnosis
Term
Herceptin
Definition
a monoclonoantibiody that blocks the growth factor protein that encourages growth of cancer cells
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