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NRS230_phar_final
Pharmacology prototypes - DM drugs updated
86
Medical
Undergraduate 2
03/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Aspirin - ASA
Definition
1st gen NSAID - Mild pain, fever, inflammation
Term
ibuprofen - Advil
Definition
1st gen NSAID - Mild pain, fever, inflammation
Term
naproxen - Aleve
Definition
1st gen NSAID - Mild pain, fever, inflammation
Term
ketorolac - Toradol
Definition
1st gen NSAID - pain < 5 days
Term
acetaminophen - APAP
Definition
Prostaglandin inhibitor in CNS - Mild pain, fever
Term
celecoxib - Celebrex
Definition
selective COX 2 inhibitor - s/s OA, RA, dysmenorrhea
Term
morphine
Definition
Opioid agonist - Severe pain
Term
codeine - Paveral
Definition
Opioid agonist - Mild to moderate pain
Term
meperidine - Demerol
Definition
Opioid agonist - Moderate or severe pain; labor pain; anesthesia adjunct
Term
Methadone - Methadose
Definition
Opioid agonist - Severe pain; withdrawal symptoms in opioid detoxification
Term
oxycodone - Oxycontin, Percocet
Definition
Opioid agonist - Moderate to severe pain
Term
fentanyl - Sublimaze, Actiq
Definition
Opioid agonist - Anesthesia supplement
Term
hydromorphone - Dilaudid
Definition
Opioid agonist - Moderate to severe pain, antitussive
Term
pentazocine - Talwin
Definition
Opioid agonist-antagonist - Moderate to severe pain; labor pain; pre-surgery sedation
Term
naloxone - Narcan
Definition
Opioid antagonist - Reversal of opioid overdose
Term
fexofenadine - Allegra
Definition
Antihistamine: H1 antagonist - Seasonal allergic rhinitis
Term
albuterol - Proventil
Definition
Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist: inhaled rapid onset - Asthma, COPD
Term
salmeterol - Serevent
Definition
Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist:
Term
prednisone - Sterapred
Definition
glucocorticoid - Asthma, COPD
Term
terbutaline - Brethaire
Definition
Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist: oral - Asthma, COPD, pre-term labor
Term
theophylline - Pulmophylline
Definition
Methylxanthine bronchodilator - Asthma, COPD
Term
ipratropium - Atrovent
Definition
Anticholinergic bronchodilator - Asthma (off-label), COPD
Term
montelukast - Singulair
Definition
Leukotriene stabilizer - Asthma, exercise-induced asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis
Term
cromolyn -
Definition
Mast cell stabilizer - Asthma, exercise-induced asthma
Term
prazosin - Minipress
Definition
alpha1 adrenergic blockers - HTN, mild to mod
Term
clonidine - Catapres
Definition
centrally acting alph 2 agonists - HTN, mild to mod
Term
propranolol - Inderal
Definition
beta-adrenergic blockers - nonselective - HTN, angina, arrhythmia
Term
metoprolol - Lopresor
Definition
beta-adrenergic blockers - cardioselective - HTN, angina
Term
carvedilol - Coreg
Definition
alpha and beta blockers - HTN, L vent dysf, CHF
Term
enalapril - Vasotec
Definition
ACE inhibitors - angiotensin II blocker - HTN, L vent dys
Term
losartan - Cozaar
Definition
ARB - angiotensin II receptor antagonists - HTN, CHF
Term
eplerenone - Inspra
Definition
selective aldosterone antagonists - HTN
Term
nifedipine - Procardia
Definition
Calcium chan blockers –dihydropyridines - HTN, angina
Term
diltiazem - Cardiazem
Definition
Calcium chan blockers –non-dihydropyridines - HTN, angina, Prinzmetal angina
Term
hydralazine - Apresoline
Definition
Direct-acting vasodilators - Mod to severe HTN, CHF
Term
heparin
Definition
Anticoagulants - Tx/Prophylaxis for thromboembolism
Term
enoxaparin - Lovenox
Definition
Anticoagulants LMW heparin - Tx/Prophylaxis for DVT, PE, VTE
Term
warfarin - Coumadin
Definition
Anticoagulants, inhibit vit k clotting factor - Tx/Prophylaxis for DVT, PE, MI, Afib
Term
ASA
Definition
antiplatelet - Prophylaxis for TIA, MI
Term
clopidrogrel - Plavix
Definition
Antiplatelet - Prophylaxis for TIA, stroke,MI, PVD
Term
atorvastatin - Lipitor
Definition
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) - hyperlipidemia
Term
niacin - nicotinic acid
Definition
Inhibits lipoproteins and triglycerides - Hyperlipidemia - Vit B sup
Term
colesevelum - Welchol
Definition
bile-acid sequestrants - hyperlipidemia
Term
gemfibrozil - Lopid
Definition
fibric acid derivatives (fibrates) - Hyperlipidemia - type IIb
Term
ezetimibe - Zetia
Definition
Inhibits chol absorb in brush border - hyperlipidemia
Term
digoxin - Digitek, Lanoxin
Definition
Antiarrhythmic, inotropics - Tx CHF, afib, a-tachycardia
Term
baclofen - Lioresal
Definition
Centrally acting muscle relaxant - MS, spinal cord lesions
Term
alendronate - Fosamax
Definition
biphosphates - Osteoporosis
Term
Calcitonin-Salmon - Miacalcin
Definition
Inhibits osetoclastic resorption, ? excretion - Hypercalcemia
Term
Allopurinol - Lopurin
Definition
antihyperuricemics - gouty arthritis and nephropathy
Term
Methotrexate
Definition
DMARD - rheumatoid arthritis
Term
etanercept - Enbrel
Definition
Tumor necrosis factor blockers - rheumatoid arthritis
Term
leflunomide - Arava
Definition
Small-molecule DMARD - rheumatoid arthritis
Term
gold salts
Definition
Older DMARD - rheumatoid arthritis
Term
levodopa
Definition
Dopamine replacement drug - Parkinson’s Disease
Term
pramipexole
Definition
Dopamine agonists - Parkinson’s Disease
Term
donepezil
Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitors - Alzheimer’s Disease
Term
memantine
Definition
NMDA receptor antagonists - Alzheimer’s Disease
Term
lispro - Humalog
Definition
Rapid-acting, 15 min onset - DM 1& 2, bolus at meals
Term
aspart - Novolog
Definition
Rapid-acting, 15 min onset - DM 1& 2, bolus at meals
Term
inhaled insulin - Exubera
Definition
Rapid-acting insulin - DM 1& 2
Term
regular insulin - Novolin R
Definition
Short-acting, 60 min onset - DM 1& 2, cheap, no Rx
Term
NPH - Novolin N
Definition
Intermediate-acting, 2 hr onset - DM 1& 2, afternoon / HS snack
Term
glargine - Lantus
Definition
Long-acting, onset 70 min, peakless - DM 1& 2, SQ qday
Term
glipizide - Glucotrol (XL)
Definition
Oral, stimulates insulin release, sulfonylureas - DM-2
Term
metformin - Glucophage
Definition
Oral, ? liver glucose prod, biguaides - DM-2, normal kidneys, lactic acidosis
Term
repaglinide - Prandin
Definition
Oral, stimulates insulin release - rapid, meglitinides - DM-2, expensive, poor compliance
Term
rosiglitazone - Avandia
Definition
Oral hypoglycemic agent - Thiazolidiniones - DM-2, big people, insulin resistance
Term
acarbose - Precose
Definition
Oral - Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - DM-1, Delays CHO absorb (gassy)
Term
sitigliptin - Januvia
Definition
Oral - DPP-4 Inhibitor, enhances incretins - DM-2, ? insulin, ? glucagon
Term
pramlintide - Symlin
Definition
Injectible, Amlin Mimetics, delay GI emptying - DM 1& 2, SQ AC
Term
exenatide - Byetta
Definition
Injectible, Incretin Minetics, delay GI emptying - DM-2, SQ AC
Term
chlorpromazine - Thorazine
Definition
Antipsychotic agent, phenothiazine - schizophrenia
Term
haloperidol - Haldol
Definition
Antipsychotic agent, - Schizophrenia, psychosis, Tourette’s
Term
clozapine - Clozaril
Definition
antipsychotic - schizophrenia
Term
fluoxetine - Prozac
Definition
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor - Depression, OCD, bulimia nervosa
Term
venlafaxine - Effexor
Definition
Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor - Major depression, GAD, social phobia
Term
amitriptyline - Levate, Elavil
Definition
Tricyclic antidepressant - depression
Term
phenelzine - Nardil
Definition
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor - Depression resistant to other drugs
Term
bupropion - Wellbutrin
Definition
aminoketones - Depression, sexual dysfunction
Term
lithium -
Definition
“mood stabilizer” - Bipolar disorder (manic/depressive)
Term
lorazepam - Ativan
Definition
Sedative-hypnotic: benzodiazepine - anxiety
Term
zolpidem - Ambien
Definition
Sedative-hypnotic benzodiazepine-like - insomnia
Term
phenobarbital - Luminal
Definition
Sedative-hypnotic: long-acting barbiturates - antiseizure
Term
chloral hydrate - Somnote
Definition
Sedative-hypnotic - insomnia, anxiety
Term
methylphenidate - Ritalin
Definition
CNS stimulant - ADHD, narcolepsy
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