Term
|
Definition
major topics in child dev:
involves ways in which body's phsyical makeup (brain, NS, msucles, nerves) and senses and the need for food, drink, and sleep determine behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
major topics in child dev:
how growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
major topics in child dev:
way in which enduring characteristics influence behavior and differentiate ind. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
major topics in child dev:
way in which ind. interactions with others and their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the course of life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specific time during development when a particular event has its greatest consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organisms are particularly susceptible to certain environmental stimuli, but consequences of absent stimuli are reversible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| degree to which a developing behavior or physical structure is modifiable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sex cells from mother and father that form a new cell at conception |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new cell formed by fertilization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| basic unit of genetic info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portions of DNA that are organized in 23 pairs (26 total) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| replication of most cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell division producing gametes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twins who are genetically identical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs when cells in ovum splits within 2 weeks of fertilization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm at roughly the same time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trait within an organism that is present, but not expressed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| underlying combo of genetic material present, but not outwardly visible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genes governing traits that may take alternate forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inheriting from parents similar genes for a given trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inheriting from parents different forms of a gene for a given trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genes that are considered recessive and located only on the X chrom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abornmal gene is present on one of the non-sex chrom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal gene must be paired on non-sex chrom. to be expressed |
|
|
Term
diabetes
PKU
cystic fibrosis |
|
Definition
| ex. of autosomal recessive disorders |
|
|
Term
| polygenic (multifactorial) inheritance |
|
Definition
| interaction of heredity and environment responsible for production of a particular trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ex. of autosomal dominant disorder |
|
|
Term
meningomyelocele
cleft palate
heart problems |
|
Definition
| ex. of polygenic inheritance disorders |
|
|
Term
males
males only have one X, so X genes will be displayed |
|
Definition
| sex-linked disorders are more common in ______ - why? |
|
|
Term
DMD
hemophilia
Fragile X syndrome
Klinefelter's syndrome |
|
Definition
| ex. of X-linked (sex-linked) disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| personality: mood, touchiness, sensitivity, emotional reactivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| personality: degree to which a person seeks to be with others |
|
|
Term
| neuroticism, extroversion |
|
Definition
| personality traits most directly linked to genetics: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| personality: tendency to be masterful, forceful leader who enjoys being center of attention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| personality: strict endorsement of rules and authority |
|
|
Term
neuroticism
extroversion
social potency
traditionalism
stress reactions
well-being
harm avoidance |
|
Definition
| basic personality traits that have genetic roots |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological disorder that has a high genetic component |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discipline that focuses on helping people deal with issues relating to inherited disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| studies the effects of heredity on psych. characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teratogen sensitivity: organ/organ systems with longest periods of development are the _______ |
|
|
Term
| specific nature and function |
|
Definition
| specific genes in specific locations determine _________ of every cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sex-linked disorders usually involve the _____ chrom. |
|
|
Term
M: .4-.8/1000 (1/1200)
F: .2-.6/1000 (1/2500) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fragile X: ___ of all X-linked causes of MR |
|
|
Term
elongated faces
prominent jaw
large protruding ears
high arched palate
hyperextensile joints
flat feet |
|
Definition
| Fragile X: facial characteristics |
|
|
Term
echolalic
cluttered
perserverative |
|
Definition
| Fragile X: speech patterns |
|
|
Term
| poor auditory memory and reception |
|
Definition
| Fragile X: auditory problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Klinefelter's: prevalence |
|
|
Term
extreme height
enlarged breasts
underdeveloped genitals
sterility |
|
Definition
| Klinefelter's: characteristic features |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Klinefelter's: _____ have MR |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: prevelance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Klinefelter's: presence of an extra ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: ____ leading cause of MR |
|
|
Term
| extra 21st chromosome (trisomy 21) |
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: caused by ? |
|
|
Term
short stocky stature
protruding abdomen
smaller head
upward slanting eyes
epicanthal folds
low set ears
flat nose
often open mouth with tongue protrusion
palms have simian crease |
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: characteristic features |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: some children may be more prone to _____ |
|
|
Term
| CVA, other neurological impairments |
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: can lead to ? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Down Syndrome: infants have ___ tone, ____ joints, poor ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| turner syndrome: genotype |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| turner syndrome: prevalence |
|
|
Term
immature physical features
lack reproductive organs
short
sometimes MR |
|
Definition
| turner syndrome: characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sickle cell anemia:
-if one parent passes on = _____
-if both parents pass on = _____ |
|
|
Term
fatigue
paleness
rapid HR
shortness of breath (SOB)
jaundice |
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: severe symptoms |
|
|
Term
priapism (painful and prolonged erection)
poor eyesight, blindness
small strokes cause confusion |
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: when small blood vessels are blocked, causes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: younger children have attacks of ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: ____ on lower legs, from poor blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: eventually ____ no longer works, making person susceptible to infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sickle cell anemia: causes delayed ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease: thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, digestive tract, and other areas of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease: one of most common chronic lung diseases in children and young adults |
|
|
Term
delayed growth
failure to gain weight
no BMs first 24-48 hrs of life
salty-tasting skin |
|
Definition
| cystic fibrosis: symptoms in newborns |
|
|
Term
-belly pain from severe constipation, has, bloating, swollen belly, nausea
-stools that are pale/clay colored, foul smelling, have mucus, or float |
|
Definition
| cystic fibrosis: symptoms related to bowel function |
|
|
Term
coughing
increased mucus
fatigue
nasal congestion
pneumonia |
|
Definition
| cystic fibrosis: respiratory and lung symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease: passed down through families in which nerve cells in certain parts of the brain waste away, or degenerate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: caused by genetic defect on chrom _____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: CAG repeat is repeated ______ time normally, but with disease is repeated ______ time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: most common form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: form usually develops symptoms in mid 30s-40s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: form begins in childhood or adolescence |
|
|
Term
-behavioral disturbances, hallucinations, irritability
-moodiness, restlessness/fidgeting, paranoia
-psychosis |
|
Definition
| huntington's: behavioral symptoms |
|
|
Term
-facial movement, including grimaces
-head turning to shift eye position
-quick, sudden, wild jerking movements of the arms, legs, face, etc.
-slow, uncontrolled movements
-unsteady gait |
|
Definition
| huntington's: abnormal movement symptoms |
|
|
Term
-disorientation or confusion, loss of judgment
-loss of memory, personality changes, speech changes |
|
Definition
| huntington's: dementia symptoms |
|
|
Term
rigidity
slow movements
tremor |
|
Definition
| huntington's: symptoms in children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: medication that may help reduce abnormal behaviors and movements |
|
|
Term
| amantadine, tetrabenazine |
|
Definition
| huntington's: medication used to control extra movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| huntington's: medicine may help slow down course of the disease, but not conclusive evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prader-willi: caused by gene missing on part of chrom. ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prader-willi: most patients are missing the genetic material on part of _____ chrom. |
|
|
Term
| randomly (no family history) |
|
Definition
| prader-willi: genetic changes occur ? |
|
|
Term
small and floppy
males may have undescended testicles
trouble eating, poor weight gain |
|
Definition
| prader-willi: newborn and infant symptoms |
|
|
Term
children w/ almond-shaped eyes
delayed motor development
narrow bifrontal skull
rapid weight gain
short stature
decreased muscle tone
long face
slanted eyes
poor thermal regulation
slow mental development
small hands and feet
intense craving for food |
|
Definition
| prader-willi: characteristics and symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| schizophrenia: high percentage of _____ children have a lose family member w/ disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behavioral genetics involves _____ studies |
|
|
