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Definition
| Everything that people do…good, bad or otherwise. |
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Definition
| One instance of behavior. |
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| Behaviors/actions/responses that look different but serve the same purpose. |
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| The context in which behavior happens. |
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| Things/events (inside or outside the person) that affect what people do. |
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| Groups of things/events that are like each other in some way and result in similar reactions (e.g., “stop,” stop sign, red light). |
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| When you teach some associations and other associations result without direct teaching (“get a bunch of relations for free”). |
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| Reflexive relations (US-UR) |
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Definition
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Term
| Respondent conditioning (CS-CR) |
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Definition
| Pavlov’s dog. Combining the sound of a bell with food resulted in the dog salivating when just the bell was sounded. The bell ended up controlling the reflex of salivating. |
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Definition
Behavior that is controlled by consequences. Doing what you do because of what has happened in the past when you did it.
Learning. |
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Term
| Unconditioned reinforcement |
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Definition
| Increases the chance you’ll do the same thing in the future because you experienced something pleasant that filled a natural human need (e.g., food, water, sleep). |
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Term
| Conditioned reinforcement |
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Definition
| Increases the chance you’ll do the same thing in the future because you experienced something pleasant that you had learned was rewarding (e.g., tokens, money, grades). |
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Definition
| Decreases the chance you’ll do the same thing in the future because you experienced something unpleasant that wasn’t due to any prior learning (e.g., physical pain or discomfort). |
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Definition
| Decreases the chance you’ll do the same thing in the future because you experienced something unpleasant that you had learned was punishing (e.g., social disapproval, reprimands). |
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Term
| Schedule of reinforcement |
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Definition
| A rule that determines what you need to do and how often you need to do it to get what you want or desire. |
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Term
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Definition
| Providing something desired at the end of a specific time frame. |
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| Variable interval schedule |
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Definition
| Providing something desired at the end of an approximate or varied time frame. |
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Definition
| Providing something desired after a specific number of responses. |
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Definition
| Providing something desired after an approximate or varied number of responses. |
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Term
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Definition
| No longer giving the person what they desire/what they’ve gotten in the past, because you want to eliminate the behavior (e.g., ignoring, not providing attention, stop “paying them off”). |
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Term
| Automatic reinforcement and punishment |
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Definition
| Things that naturally happen (whether people are around or not) that increase/decrease behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence or absence of things/events that control whether behavior occurs or not (e.g., stopping at intersection with stop sign, not stopping at intersection with no stop sign). |
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Term
| Unconditioned motivating operation |
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Definition
| Something that changes how motivated a person is to respond or not respond that is based on natural human need and that doesn’t have to be learned (e.g., being hungry or tired). |
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Term
| Conditioned motivating operation |
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Definition
| Something that changes how motivated a person is to respond or not respond based on what the person has learned is pleasant/helpful or not pleasant/not helpful. |
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Term
| Distinguish between discriminative stimulus and motivating operation |
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Definition
SD – A specific thing/event that a person learns to respond to based on what has happened in the past (e.g., the “low fuel” light in your car).
MO – Something that changes how motivated a person is to respond or not respond (e.g., being hungry makes going grocery shopping more likely). |
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Term
| Distinguish between motivating operation and reinforcement effects |
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Definition
Motivating operations come before behavior.
Reinforcement comes after behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| A trigger, a behavior, and a result. |
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Definition
Experimentation that shows that behavior is a result of the intervention and nothing else.
Can turn the behavior on and off. |
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Term
| Conditional discriminations |
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Definition
| Responding (choosing, selecting, identifying) that depends on specific things/events present in the current context. |
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Definition
Distinguishing between things/events.
Responding to certain things/events and not responding to those that might be similar or that are different. |
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Definition
| Demonstrating responses that haven’t been taught but are similar to what has been taught in regards to getting the same result. |
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| Responding to things/events that haven’t been taught but are similar to things/events that have taught. |
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Definition
| When changes in behavior in one setting are opposite to the behavior that occurs in a different setting. When one goes up the other goes down. |
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| Getting a learner “going” by making rapid easy responses before requesting something more challenging or difficult. |
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Definition
| Matching response effort to what you will get out of different options. |
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| Contingency-shaped behavior |
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Definition
| Learning from direct experience. |
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Definition
| Following rules without experiencing any direct consequences. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Requesting or asking for what you want or need. |
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Definition
| Labeling items, activities, or actions. |
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Definition
| Having back-and-forth conversation. |
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Definition
| How often a behavior occurs. |
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Definition
| How often a behavior occurs within a given time frame. |
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Definition
| How long a behavior occurs. |
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Definition
| How long it takes for a behavior to start. |
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Definition
| The amount of time between two responses. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| How intense or forceful a behavior is. |
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Term
| Continuous measurement procedures |
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Definition
| Recording something every time it occurs. |
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| Discontinuous measurement procedures |
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Definition
| Recording a sample or portion of the behavior as it is occurring. |
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Term
| Partial-interval recording (advantages/disadvantages) |
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Definition
| Dividing a time frame into smaller segments and counting whether a behavior occurs at least once during each time segment. Provides an overestimation. |
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Term
| Whole-interval recording (advantages/disadvantages) |
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Definition
| Dividing a time frame into smaller segments and counting whether a behavior occurs continuously during each time segment. Provides an underestimation. |
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Term
| Momentary time sampling (advantages/disadvantages) |
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Definition
| Checking at specific predetermined times whether a behavior is occurring or not. Provides an underestimation. |
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