Term
| What uniquely Pauline gospel revolutionized Christianity? |
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Definition
| salvation by faith alone (343) |
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Term
| Those people of the early Christian churches who advocated circumcision for all males (Jew, Greek, Roman, etc.) were called... |
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Definition
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Term
| Paul's opponents had the tendency to mix together aspects of Greco-Roman cult worship ans selected Torah requirements. This process of mixing together is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| Paul's twofold purpose in writing to the Galatians was first to prove that he was a true apostle, and second... |
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Definition
| to demonstrate the validity of his gospel that faith replaces works of law. (344) |
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Term
| Paul claimed that his apostolic rank was derived... |
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Definition
| directly from the Deity (345) |
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Term
| If the Torah cannot really help anyone, as Paul claims, then why was it given? |
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Definition
| as a temporary device to teach humans that they can't make it on their own (they need a savior)(346) |
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Term
| All believers are spiritual children of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does Paul say Torah obedience is meaningless? |
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Definition
| because it implies that God's revelation through Jesus is not sufficient (347) |
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Term
| Paul's most extensive analysis of Judaism's role in the divine plan was laid out in which chapters of Romans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the implications of God's pronouncing Abraham "righteous" while he was still uncircumcised? |
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Definition
| Paul used that story as a model of God's plan to save people through faith. Thus, it was not necessary to have Gentile converts circumcised. (351) |
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Term
| T/F: Paul tried to persuade the Galatians that Gentile Christians are adopted heirs of Abraham. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Although the Gentile Christians were free from Torah requirements, Paul expected those with a Jewish heritage to adhere fully to the Torah. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The pillars (Peter, John, and James) agreed to recognize the legitimacy of Paul's Gentile mission. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul used Habakkuk 2:4, "he shall gain life who is justified through faith," to help justify his Gospel. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul sees all the irreconcilable differences between God and humanity as overcome in Christ. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Romans was written by Paul to the first congregation he founded and visited frequently. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul argues that the Torah fails to effect a right relationship with God; it serves only to make one conscious of sin. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In the Book of Genesis, the narrator never uses the words sin, evil, rebellion, fall from grace, disobedience, punishment, or damnation. These terms are interpretive and were supplied by later theologians. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul asserts the Torah is "spiritual," but human beings are "unspiritual" and enslaved by sin. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul reveals himself to be uniquely sinful amongst humans in his long passage (Romans 7:7-25), detailing all his sins. |
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Definition
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Term
| Early church tradition held that Paul wrote four of the canonical letters (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) while in a Roman prison. These are known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the four works (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) do all scholars still accept as genuinely Pauline? |
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Definition
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Term
| With whom did Paul establish the church at Philippi? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the "Ephesian theory"? |
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Definition
| The theory that Paul actually wrote Philippians from Ephesus rather than Rome. |
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Term
| In the second of the six parts of Philippians, Paul meditates on... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important theological concept in Philippians? |
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Definition
| The directive to place others' welfare above your own. |
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Term
| What characteristic of Jesus does Paul most encourage his readers to emulate? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the third chapter of Philippians, Paul denounces circumcision as... |
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Definition
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Term
| The letter to Philemon was a personal letter addressed to... |
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Definition
| Philemon, Apphia, and Archippus (who were probably a husband, wife, and son). |
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Term
| Onesimus was a runaway slave who was converted to Christianity by Paul. Paul later sent him back to his master, telling the master... |
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Definition
| to treat Onesimus "no longer as a slave, but ...as a dear brother." |
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Term
| T/F: Philippians is important because it permits insight into Paul's volatile character and also gives clues as to early Christian beliefs about Jesus' nature. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul describes Christians as "like stars in a dark world." |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul discounts his Jewish heritage as "garbage," worthless when compared to the new life God give in Christ. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Epaphroditus was a prison guard that Paul thanks for helping him when he was imprisoned. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Onesimus was a salve-owning aristocrat with whom Paul pleaded to open his eyes to the intrinsic human value of every person and to release his slaves from bondage. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In his letter to Philemon about a runaway slave, Paul takes the opportunity to generalize and denounce slavery as an intolerable evil. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The amount of area Paul covered to establish churches (throughout Syria, Asia Minor, Macedonia, and Greece) impresses scholars with the sheer physical stamina he must have had. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Paul was the first to create a coherent theology about Jesus and is therefore counted as Christianity's first theologian. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In Paul's view, because God grants his rewards freely, a person can neither earn nor deserve them. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In Paul's view of human history, Adam is considered the earthly prototype of humanity, while Jesus is considered Adam's moral opposite. |
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Definition
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Term
| The practice of writing under the identity of a well-known deceased personage, with the intention of honoring him rather than fooling the readers, is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| Some early converts who, in an apocalyptic fervor, thought the Parousia was extremely close, refused to... |
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Definition
| work and support themselves (375) |
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Term
| Paul thought that God's plan for cosmic renewal, i.e. the Lord's Day, would be completed... |
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Definition
| at the apocalyptic end of history. (375) |
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Term
| What is 2 Thessalonians' advice to Christians? |
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Definition
| Be alert and prepared; also, realize that certain signs must occur before the Parousia. (375) |
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Term
| 2 Thessalonians states that the eschaton cannot happen until... |
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Definition
| the final rebellion against God's rule. (375-376) |
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Term
| According to 2 Thessalonians, evil forces are already at work and gathering strength until someone disappear, allowing the evil personage to reveal himself. Who is it that will disappear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Christian equivalent of circumcision? |
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Definition
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Term
| Believers are supposed to behave well because... |
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Definition
| they are being re-created in Christ's nature and "image." (378) |
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Term
| Which is not a difference between Ephesians and other genuine Pauline letters? |
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Definition
| language in which it was written (378) |
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Term
| What is the famous passage in Ephesians? |
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Definition
| the Pauline analogy of Christians armed like soldiers (381) |
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Term
| T/F: After being released from prison in Rome, Paul went to Crete, where he was imprisoned again. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Analysis of the Pastoral Epistles strongly suggests that they were written long after Paul's time, and therefore couldn't have been authored by Paul. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: After his death, Paul's influence on the church subsided. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In the Book of 2 Thssalonians, the demonic entity in human form that desecrates the Temple is held at bay by the unidentified "Redoubter." |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: According to Colossians, God didn't use a "mediator" to create the universe; he achieved it all alone. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: In 2 Thessalonians, an evil parody of the Messiah functions as an anti-Christ. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: According to Ephesians, the secret revealed in Christ was the divinity of all people, i.e. we are all God. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: One difference between Colossians and Ephesians is in how the "secret" revealed in Christ is characterized. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The phrase "in Ephesus" (identifying the recipients of the letter to the Ephesians) does not appear in any of the oldest manuscripts. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Timothy had a Jewish father and a Greek mother. |
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Definition
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Term
| What form of writing is Paul known for? |
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Definition
| letters directed to individual congregations (392) |
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Term
| Seven of the eight canonical writings situated between the book of Hebrews and Revelation in the New Testament are known as... |
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Definition
| the catholic epistles (393) |
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Term
| All the epistles are attributed to... |
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Definition
| the prominent leaders of the original Jerusalem church (393) |
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Term
| 2 Peter (probably the last-written book in the canon) reaffirms Christianity's apocalyptic vision that however long the Parousia is delayed, Christians must live as if... |
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Definition
| Jesus will return at any moment (393) |
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Term
| Which author is alone among New Testament writers in attempting to show how Christ's sacrificial death links the two opposing realms of perishable matter and eternal spirit? |
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Definition
| the author of Hebrews (394) |
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Term
| The authorship of Hebrews is uncertain. Scholars have speculated about it being authored by... |
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Definition
| Paul, Priscilla, Barnabas, or Apollos (394) |
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Term
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Definition
| appeasement of divine wrath (395) |
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Term
| Which of the catholic epistles criticized Jewish-Christian groups within the church - wealthy Christians who snub poorer ones, fail to share material possessions, engage in worldly competition, and even exploit fellow believers of the laboring class? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to James, what one believes and has faith in is evidenced by... |
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Definition
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Term
| According to James, which organ in the human body is both an instrument for divine praise and of destructive gossip? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The epistles differ from Paul's "genuine" letters in that they are addressed to individual congregations. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Of the three missives ascribed to John, the first is a sermon, the second is a letter of warning to a specific group, and the third is a private note. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The catholic epistles are so named because they must never be translated out of the Latin. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: James and 1 Peter superficially resemble letters but actually belong to a different category of religious literature. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Faith, according to Hebrews, is a hopeful confidence that the unseen universe really exists and that it is the source of the physical cosmos. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The book of James is classified as apocalyptic literature. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: James was known to his fellow Israelites as "James the Righteous" and had a high reputation with Christians. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: 1 Peter recommends that when a Christian is suffering unjustly, he or she must call upon the Holy Spirit to smite the oppressor. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The Book of Jude is written in a kind of rhetorical style known as invective. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: The theological importance of 2 Peter lies in the author's attempt to explain why God allows evil to continue and to reassert the belief in a close Parousia. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was it thematically appropriate to place Revelation at the end of the New Testament? |
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Definition
| It provides the omega (the end or completion of God's work) to the alpha of Genesis. (416) |
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Term
| Revelation depicts Jesus as... |
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Definition
| a conquering warrior-king. (416) |
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Term
| The Jesus of Revelation comes to... |
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Definition
| inflict wrathful punishment upon his opponents (416) |
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Term
| John of Patmos, along with the authors of Jude and 2 Peter, contrasted the hopelessly corrupt present world with the ideal purity of God's planned future world. How was the new righteous order to be brought into being? |
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Definition
| Through God's direct and violent intervention (417) |
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Term
| What can't we see without having an apocalyptic experience (Hebrews 11:1)? |
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Definition
| realities of the spirit world (417) |
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Term
| Revelation belongs to the apocalyptic tradition, which is commonly regarded as an outgrowth of what movement? |
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Definition
| The prophetic movement in ancient Israel (417) |
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Term
| Why did priests take the place of prophets as Israel's spiritual leaders after the time of Ezra (c. 400 BCE)? |
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Definition
| They filled a leadership void after it was determined that authentic prophesy was ending. (417) |
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Term
| The canonical Revelation is ascribed to a contemporary member of the first-century church named John, rather than to a figure of the distant past. This makes Revelation... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are not characteristic of apocalyptic writing? |
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Definition
| inclusivism, cosmic materialism, and ethical dualism (418-420) |
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Term
| What is conspicuously missing from Revelation but emphasized in the Gospels? |
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Definition
| Jesus' command to love (421) |
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Term
| John of Patmos, at the end time he was writing (most scholars date Revelation around 95 or 96 CE), regarded Rome as... |
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Definition
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Term
| The author of Revelation was the only New Testament author to claim to write under the influence of... |
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Definition
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Term
| John interprets the symbolism of the smoke rising from burning incense as representing... |
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Definition
| Christians' prayers ascending to heaven. (425) |
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Term
| When the Lamb opens each of the seven seals in sequence, what is disclosed on the scrolls? |
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Definition
| With the exception of the seventh seal, a predestined future event or God's viewpoint (427) |
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Term
| How many people are (symbolically) marked for salvation on the Day of God's vengeance? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the seven angels announce by blowing their trumpets of doom? |
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Definition
| The first six announce catastrophes and the seventh the eternal reign of Christ. (428) |
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Term
| In his vision, John describes the eating of a little scroll that initially tastes like honey but turns bitter in the stomach. What is the dual meaning of this symbolic eating? |
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Definition
| The message of Revelation is sweet to the faithful, but sour to the disobedient. (428) |
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Term
| The war between the Lamb and the Dragon in the spirit realm finds its earthly counterpart in... |
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Definition
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Term
| Who hurls the Dragon from heaven? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one reason that many scholars believe the beast's cryptic number could be identified with a specific person? |
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Definition
| At the time Revelation was written, numbers were represented by letters of the alphabet. (431) |
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