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| Is the only on left behind when Babylon takes over Israel. |
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Persian King who captures Babylon
Allows the lands to go home and takes the leaders of the land and makes them leaders in his own government. |
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| Tells the people working on Jerusalem not to get discouraged while working on the temple |
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| Builds a wall around the temple for protection. |
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Son of the King of Macedonia
Lead his people in a takeover of Persia and win over and over again.
The persians then become greek
Takes steps to merge the persian and greek cultures
Dies young because he kept wanting to do more (drinking, building, etc.) |
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Wife of Alexander
Pregnant when Alexander died
Was killed along with the baby by people who were desperate for power. |
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| Takes Egypt capital ALEXANDRIA became king. |
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| Takes syria and N. Mesopotamia capital ANTIOCH |
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| Defeats the Ptolemys and conquers the jews and palestine Tells the people he will treat them better than Ptolemy but does the opposite. Fought with Rome over Greece Roman army crushes him |
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| Thinks of himself as a divine manifestation. and thinks of himself as a lesser god. so people won’t revolt against him. Claimed to be the son of Zeus Would sometimes dress as a foreigner to listen to what people say about him. Takes his army to egypt to take over. says he will help the child but has ulterior motives. Tries to crush jewish faith No more synagogue worship No more temple sacrifices. Sacrifices a pic on the temple alter. Set up an image of himself in the temple Tried to have the torah burned. No more circumcision |
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| Father of Judas Maccabeus |
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| Begins hit and run tactics Make Emmaus the headquarters for their fight. gathers his men at Mizpah. This is where they renewed their covenent with God. They try to fix and cleanse the temple and move the alter to another location. He begins to lose support because the Hasidim have all they want and only care about religious freedom but he wants political freedom so he presses on. he dies on battle and his brother Jonathan takes over. |
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| Knows how to negotiate Tries to take sides with one of the claims to power for the selucids but he cannot be high priest. They fight and gets stronger and stronger as the selucids get weaker and weaker. Taken captive when going to make a deal. His brother goes around collecting money for his ransom Kidnapper slits his throat and takes the money. Simon becomes the new leader. |
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Has wisdom.
Hasidim asks him to step down from high priest since he does not qualify.
He asks to keep his role till someone more qualified shows up.
He dies after 7 years and passes the role to his son John Hyrcanus. |
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Starts to function as king
In order to prove himself, he heads north to Samaria and captures the temple.
He then attacks Idumea. and forces the Ideumeans to convert to Judaism.
In order to raise money, he plunders tombs. |
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| Second son of John Hyrcanus and married to Salome Alexandra. Raises taxes He pours holy water on the ground at a religious celebration People throw lemons at him. He hires Greek mercenaries to defeat the Jewish people. crucifies 800 Pharisees. |
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Wife of Alexander Jannaeus.
Alexander tells her to patch things up with the pharisees.
She brings pharisees into her inner circle.of advisors.
Has a son named John Hyrcanus II and makes him high priest. |
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Very mild mannered.
Civil war with brother Aristobulus.
Is given a deal to retire and they will give him pension and he takes the deal.
Gets his ears cut off and can’t serve as high priest. |
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Brother of John Hyrcanus II
More outgoing and wants power.
Civil war between brothers.
Strikes a deal with John for john to go into retirement and they will give him pension.
John takes the deal.
Attacks john after Pompey called a cease fire. |
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very clever negotiator
convinces john to come out of retirement to not let Aristobulus get all the glory.
The idumeans attack jerusalem.
Sees the romans attacking caesar and comes to help.
Caesar comes to thank hima dn that jews see tis and dont want him to have power.
Shows the town his scars he received trying to save them
becomes a citizen of rome.
Makes his sons governors in different cities.
One of the assasinations in rome. Herod his son finds the murderer and kills him. |
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A planner.
in control of all roman ships
Swept the mediterranean clear of pirates
Crushes Mithredetes
Calls a cease fire on the fight between Aristobulus and John Hyrcanus II.
Aristobulus attacks John which offends Pompey.
Defends John
Loses battle against caesar
Killed while on a boat to alexandria.
body thrown in mediterranean. |
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Usually fought on horseback. fought on foot and wore a red robe.
Brilliant; power thirsty; and junior partner for pompey.
Conquered all of Gall
Extremely rich
All about risks and gambles and works it out as he goes.
Daughter named julia who is married to Pompey and she dies at 19 giving birth.
Pompey attacks him, pompey loses but ... still wants revenge for them attacking so he follows him to egypt.
Realizes that the king is very young but he has an older sister named Cleopatra.
Romans come to attack.
Gets help from Antipatar and the rest of his army.
wins and cleopatra gains power.
Goes back to rome and thanks antipatar on the way.
Declares the jewsidh faith the main religion in rome.
one of the assasinations in rome
Octavian is the successor |
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Sister of young king of egypt
Hooks up with Caesar and has his son.
She sneaks into the palace
Gains power in egypt. |
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| Antipatar’s son Governor of Galilee Strong wanted to eliminate Hezikiah Sends guards to repel down and kill Hezikiah. Shows up at the Sanhedrin armed and dressed in purple to show his power. before they order his exocution, Rome sent a message saying they didnt want him harmed. Kills the man who killed his dad. Has to protect his family. Could... control the greek army levy taxes capital punishment mints coins Could not... make treaties with other nations determine who his successor is declare war Tries to gain favor with the jews by... Enlarging the temple of jerusalem Builds a new city on the coast of palestine called Caesarea. Builds a harbor observes jewish law marries a hasomean princess. Mariamne Reasons of hatred... and idomean not a jew overthrew hasmoneans stayed in power by consistently supporting rome used intimidation and fear to stay in power. |
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Stole from the rich and gave to the poor.
Hid in caves
Killed by Herod’s guards.
jews get mad at his death because he helped them. |
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Right hand man of Caesar.
Rules rome with Octavian
Gets larger eastern half.
Married Octavian’s sister |
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18 year old great nephew of Caesar
Rules rome with Mark Anthony
Gets smaller western half
Gave his sister in marriage to Mark Anthony. |
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Son of aristobulus II.
Seeks revenge with the parthian army. |
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| The push of greek culture |
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"Stuff in common"
Simplified version of greek language |
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| invaded by rome and crushed the roman army. They see rome with many wars and think they have a chance to strike back. |
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