Term
|
Definition
| lack of passive motion due to tissue shortening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve entrapment involving compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow b/w the med. epi. and olecranon. Sensory symptoms affect small finger and ulnar half of ring finger. Motor symptoms affect FCU, FDP of ring and small fingers , add. poll., and interossei. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tenosynovitis involving APL and EPB tendons at first dorsal compartment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure to release tendon adhesions that restrict mvmnt. |
|
|
Term
| 1st phase of tissue healing: |
|
Definition
| INFLAMMATION: lasts several days; includes vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation, w/ white blood cell migration to promote phagocytic removal of foreign bodies and dead tissue; tx: immobilization to provide rest. |
|
|
Term
| 2nd phase of tissue healing: |
|
Definition
| FIBROPLASIA: starts at day 4 and continues for 2-6 wks; fibroblasts synthesize scar size. The wound's tensile strength increases gradually w/the increase in collagen fibers. |
|
|
Term
| 3rd phase of tissue healing: |
|
Definition
| MATURATION OR REMODELING: may last several years; reflects the changing architecture and improved organization of collagen fibers, & the associated increased tensile strength. Tx: gentle resistive ax (may generate inflammatory response) and corrective dynamic or static splinting. |
|
|
Term
| What scars stay confined to area of original wound and resolve w/in a yr? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What scars proliferate outside area of original wound and do not become smaller or less pigmented w/time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These scars are flatter and softer with a neutral color... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These scars have red or purplish color imparted by its vascularity and blanches to touch... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal total active range of motion: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Functional test appropriate for use on pts w/ median or median & ulnar nerve lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to treat joint tightness? |
|
Definition
| dynamic splinting, static progressive splinting, or serial casting, followed by AROM |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to treat musculotendinous tightness? |
|
Definition
| MPs flexed and IPs free. Promote composite digital flexion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| limitation of ACTIVE MOTION in a joint that has passive motion available. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facilitate motion of restricted structure w/ scar management, blocking exercises in mechanically advantageous positions, place-and-hold exercises, static splinting, and functional splints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dynamic splinting, static progressive splinting, or serial casting, followed by AROM |
|
|
Term
| Flexor Carpi Radialis is most involved in this condition. |
|
Definition
| Medial Epicondylitis or Golfer's Elbow |
|
|
Term
| What is medial epicondylitis? |
|
Definition
pain at medial epicondyle and flexor wad and worsens w/ resisted flexion and pronation.
Involves extrinsic flexors at origin.
Treatment: Proximal conditioning; use built up handles; if using a splint maintain wrist in neutral and use a counterforce strap over the flexor wad; avoid ax that requires force at end ranges. |
|
|
Term
| Tendonitis involving the Abd P L and EPB at the 1st dorsal compartment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used with De Quervain's. Positive if there is exquisite pain w/ passive wrist ulnar deviation while flexing the thumb. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Teach pts to avoid wrist deviation, especially in conjunction w/ pinching.
Built-up handles
Splinting - forearm-based thumb spica, leaving the IP free. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| AKA: Flexor tenosynovitis. It is stenosing tenosynovitis of the digital flexor. Cause is stenosis at the A-1 pulley. Signs: tenderness over A-1 pulley w/pain w/ resisted grip, and painful catching or locking of the finger in composite flexion. |
|
|
Term
| Trigger Finger is associated with... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steroid and local anesthetic injections; splinting - MP in neutral to prevent composite digital flexion; tendon gliding and place-and-hold fisting that avoids triggering; built up handle, padded gloves, packing strategies; avoid triggering. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tap at volar wrist which causes tingling or electric shock. Sign of CT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provokes sensory symptoms, maintain wrist in flex for 60 seconds. Sign of CT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inability to adduct small finger. Indicates Cubital Tunnel Syndrome (compression of ulnar nerve at elbow). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lateral pinch elicits thumb IP flex. Indicates Cubital Tunnel Syndrome (compression of ulnar nerve at elbow) |
|
|
Term
| Cubital Tunnel Syndrome is associated with... |
|
Definition
| OA, RA, diabetes, Hansen's disease (leprosy) |
|
|
Term
| Injury of deep motor branch, posterior interosseous palsy: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Injury of deep motor branch, posterior interosseous palsy; efforts to extend the wrist yield strong radial deviation; MP ext is affected; sensation on dorsal radial hand is affected. Tx. with dynamic splint w/ MP, wrist, thumb ext. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seen commonly w/ humeral fxs b/c nerve spirals around humerus. Wrist and digital extensors are absent. Sensory loss occurs on dorsal-radial hand. |
|
|
Term
| Tx. High Radial Nerve Lesion with: |
|
Definition
| static and dynamic splints. |
|
|
Term
These are clinical signs of what?
Forearm pronation
Wrist flexion
Palmar Adduction (Thumb) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Colles (distal radius fx). Have limited wrist flex, ext, pronat, supinat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cast immobilization, usually above elbow w/ 90 degrees flex to prevent forearm rotation during 1st 3 weeks.
Short Arm Cast and Freed Elbow
External Fixator
Blocking Splints
Joint Mobilization after cast or fixator is removed |
|
|
Term
| Occurs due to fall on an outstreched hand (FOOSH) |
|
Definition
| Scaphoid (Navicular) Fx. 2nd most common injured bone. Tenderness in snuffbox. Thumb included in cast, w/ IP jt. free. TX: mobilize involved jt. early. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area from the forearm flexor musculotendinous junction to the border of the transverse carpal ligament. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where flexor tendons lie under the transverse carpal ligament in the carpal tunnel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area from distal edge of carpal tunnel to A-1 pulley of the flexor sheath, including the lumbrical muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area where the FDS and FDP both lie w/in the flexor sheath, from A-1 pulley to the FDS insertion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from insertion of FDS to insertion of FDP |
|
|
Term
| Injury in ext. tendon zones 1 & 2 |
|
Definition
| mallet deformity, DIP extensor lag. Maintain normal PIP rom during immobilization at DIP. |
|
|
Term
| Injury in ext. tendon zones 3 & 4 |
|
Definition
| boutonniere deformity, an imbalanced digital position of PIP flex and DIP hyperext. Splint PIP in full ext for 6 wks, and promote DIP active and passive flex to prevent stiffness. |
|
|
Term
| Injury in ext. tendon zones 5 & 6 |
|
Definition
| treated by immobilization or by controlled early motion |
|
|
Term
| Injury in ext. tendon zone 7 |
|
Definition
| likely to result in restrictions due to development of adhesions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteophytes (bone spurs) at DIP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteophytes (bone spurs) at PIP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DIP involvement seen in RA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PIP involvement seen in RA |
|
|
