Term
| area of neurotransmitter synthesis and storage |
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Definition
| synthesised in the cytoplasm of the presynaptic neuron and stored in vesicles |
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Term
| properties of storage vesicles |
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Definition
| vesicle protects neurotransmitter destruction by enzymes |
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Term
| describe how neurotransmitters move into the synaptic gap |
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Definition
| an action potential sends an impulse to the presynaptic neuron, the vesicles move to the cell membrane and are released into the synaptic cleft |
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Term
| what happens to neurotransmitters when they reach the synaptic cleft (if not reach post synaptic gap) (3) |
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Definition
| neurotransmitters can be broken down by enzymes into inactive substances, diffused away from the synaptic gap and into the intracellular space or taken back into the presynaptic gap by (reuptake) |
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Term
| how post-synaptic neuron receives neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| receptors are embedded on the post-synaptic neuron. The receptors are specific to each type of neuron. |
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Term
| name 5 major types of neurons affecting psychopathology |
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Definition
| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline) & acetylcholine |
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Term
| neurotransmitter associated with anxiety |
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Definition
| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
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Term
| action of benzodiazepines |
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Definition
| bind to GABA receptor sites, which makes the sites more sensitive to GABA transmission. This decreases the clinical manifestations of anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| associated with arousal and general activity level of the CNS |
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Term
| name 5 functions that serotonin regulates |
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Definition
| sleep, wakefulness, mood, delusions, withdrawal of schizophrenia |
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Term
| 3 functions that dopamine-containing neurons regulates |
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Definition
| regulation of cognition, emotional responses & motivation |
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Term
| mental illness that are associated with dopamine neurotransmittors |
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Definition
| schizophrenia and other psychosis |
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Term
| action of antipsychotic drugs |
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Definition
| block dopamine receptors on post synaptic neuron |
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Term
| name 6 functions that norepinephrine (noradrenaline) is associated to control |
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Definition
| norepinephrine is associated with control of arousal, attention, vigilance, mood, affect and anxiety |
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Term
| Function of norepinephrine (3) |
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Definition
| involved with thinking, planning and interpreting |
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Term
| which neurotransmitters uptake in brain are inhibited by tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
| norepinephrine and serotonin |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine and increasing their availability at the synapse |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibit the reuptake of serotonin into the nerve terminal, therefore enhancing serotonin transmission at the synapse |
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Term
| 3 biological (at the synapse level) that may influence the transmission of neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| faulty release, reuptake or elimination of neurotransmittors |
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