Term
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Definition
cns and target parasympathetic organs
effect - excitation in brain, inhibition in target organs, movement of muscles and learning and memory |
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Term
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Definition
brain
effect - inhibition, found in brain regions involved in voluntary movement, emotional arousal, memory and learning |
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Term
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Definition
CNS and PNS
effect - unclear has been implicated in severe depression |
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Term
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Definition
brain, spinal cord, sympathetic target organs
effect - inhibition in brain, inhibition or excitation in target organs. emotional arousal, wakefulness, eating, memory and learning |
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Term
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Definition
brain and spinal cord
effect - inhibition or excitation, sleep, emotional arousal |
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Term
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Definition
brain and spinal cord
effects - inhibition, primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain |
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Term
| Gamma-amino-butync acid GABA |
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Definition
brain and spinal cord
effect - inhibition, primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
spinal cord
effects - inhibition, primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
brain
effects - eating, drinking, sexual behavior, sleep, temperature, pain, stress |
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Term
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Definition
| a nerve cell, the basic building block of nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| axons surface is selective, allows in appropriate ions, for example, gates in resting axons block positive sodium ions |
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Term
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Definition
| electrically charged atoms. resting axons interior has negatively charged ions, outside is positive. this is resting potential |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| receives messages from other cells, conducts it toward cell body. |
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Term
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Definition
| sites on the receiving neuron that receive specific neurotransmitters, which unlocks tiny channels at the receiving site, allows ions into receiving cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by refractory period - neuron pumps positively charged sodium ions back outside before it can fire again |
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Term
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Definition
| a layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables faster transmission speed as message hops from node to node |
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Term
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Definition
| a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. the tiny gap at this junction is called the synaptic gap or cleft. |
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Term
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Definition
| excess neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the sending neuron |
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Term
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Definition
| neurotransmitters released into synaptic cleft in terminal sacs |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical messengers that traverse the synaptic gaps between neurons. when released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse. |
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Term
| endorphins (neuropeptides) |
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Definition
| "morphine within" natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters that enable learning and memory and trigger muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory |
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