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Neuropsychology Exam 3
Gender, Attention, Memory
15
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
10/10/2014

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Cards

Term
Sex versus gender
Definition
Sex = biological male or female
Gender = psychosocial ramifications of biological sex
Term
Gender role
Definition
How gender affects things like relationships, work and community involvement
Term
Is gender a crisp set?
Definition
Western view says yes.
Other views say no, individual differences far outweigh gender differences
Term
Gender research
Definition
Significantly different but practically the same, importance is unclear, advantageous and disadvantageous
Term
Gender Nuture/Nature
Definition
Interactionist model is most likely
Contemporary research stresses nature
Term
Development of gender
Definition
Prepartum testosterone exposure
Sex organs develop 6th week
Release testosterone 12-16 week mark
Alters size adn structure of amygdala and hippocampus
Term
Natural differences
Definition
Toy and activity interest (also influenced by environment)
Sexual orientation and gender identity
Small personality and cognitive ability differences
Term
Current view of brain and gender
Definition
Used to say sociocultural, now they say there are structural and functional differences found using neuroimaging
Term
Size and volume differences
Definition
F-10%smaller than M
F-Larger gray matter volume
M-Larger white matter volume
(individual structures vary in size adn matter)
Term
Volume difference in specific structures
Definition
M have bigger: frontomedial cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala and angular gyrus
F have bigger: Orbitofrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, frontal and medial paralimbic areas, possibly also: hippocampus, broca's area, L superior temporal gyrus
Term
Connectivity differences
Definition
F local connectivity density
M overall connectivity density
Term
Efficiency determined by
Definition
Greater local connectivity
More lateralization of function
Sometimes smaller size of processign area
Enhanced performance on tests of the ability associated with that area
Term
Efficiency differences
Definition
F have more areas of high efficiency, especially in L hemisphere, ventral regions, frontal regions
M have higher efficiency in R hemispheres and visual processing areas
Term
White matter differences
Definition
F have larger white matter volumes in L temporal and parietal lobes
M have larger white matter volumes in R hemisphere
Term
Grey matter differences
Definition
M have more in: midbrain and cerebellum, visual and spatial association areas, some R hemisphere areas, some orbitofrontal cortex
F have more in: cingulate gyrus, R inferior parietal lobule, many L hemisphere, dorsolateral and superior frontal cortex
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