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| layers and groups of neurons in the brain |
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| structures that lie on the same side |
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| structures that lie on opposite sides |
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| a structure that lies on both sides |
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| structures that are close to one another |
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| structures that are far from one another |
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| movement towards a brain a structure |
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| movement away from a brain structure |
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a gyrus lying in front of the central sulcus
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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| includes the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System |
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| Cranial nerves and Spinal nerves |
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Includes:
*Parasympathetic Nerves: calming
*Sympathetic: arousing ( fight or flight) |
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| Three layers of protective tissue that encase the brain and spinal cord |
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| A condition in which the cerebral spinal fluid is prevented from flowing; it can cause servere mental retardation and even death |
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| functional barrier that prevents passage of many substances into the brain |
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Irrigates the medial and dorsal part of the cortex
[image] |
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Irrigates the lateral surface of the cortext
[image] |
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| Posterior Cerebral Artery |
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Irrigates the ventral and posterior surface of the cortex
[image] |
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| Cells that give rise to all neurons in the nervous system |
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| cell that is derived from a stem cell and acts as a precursor cell that migrates and produces a neuron or glial cell |
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| Immature neuron or glial cell |
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| Neurons that project from the body's sensory receptors into the spinal cord;the dendrite and axon are connected to speed up information conduction |
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| any neuron lying between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron |
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| Neuron that has its cell body in the spinal cord and projects to muscles |
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| any brain area composed predominantely of cell bodies (neurons) |
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| Areas of the nervous system rich in axons covered with glial cells |
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| Made up of both axons and cellbodies (neurons). It has a gray and white appearance or netlike appearance |
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| a large collection of axons coursing together within the central nervous system |
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| A collection of axons. fibers and fiberp pathways that enter and leave the Central Nervous System |
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| Steps in development of the brain |
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Definition
Telencephalon (endbrain)
Diencephalon(Between brain)
Mesencephalon( Middle Brain)
Metencephalon (Accross brain)
Myelencephalon (Spinal Brain)
[image] |
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| Cavity in the brain that contains cerebral spinal fluid |
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area of the skin supplied with afferent nerve fibers by a single spinal dorsal root
[image] |
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nerve, composed of fibers that carry sensory information that enters each segment of the posterior part of the spinal cord.
(sensory neurons, Afferent) |
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Track of fibers leaving the spinal cord. on the anterior part of the spinal cord.
(Motor neurons, signal going out of the spinal cord) |
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| States that the dorsal roots of the spinal cord are sensory and the ventral roots of the spinal cord are motor |
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| a specific movement that is dependent only on a simple spinal-cord circuit and is elicited by specific forms of sensory stimulation |
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| movement by which a limb is bent at the join, bringing the limb toward the body. |
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| movement by which a limb is straightened |
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| set of 12 pairs of nerves conveying sensory and motor signals to and from the head. |
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collections of nerve cells that function some what like a primitive brain, control the internal organs
(autonomic nervous system) |
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| paint that is felt in a body part other than that in which the cause that produced it is situated. |
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| Major structure of the hindbrain specialized in motor coordination |
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| Narrow folds of the cerebellum |
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| mixture of nerve cells and fibers in the lower and ventral part of the brainstem that give rise to important ascending and descending systems to produce waking |
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Area if the midbrain above the cerebral aqueduct (the roof)
*contain superior and inferior coliculi |
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| Area of the midbrain nelow the cerenral aqueduct ( the floor); contains sensory and motor tracts and a number of nuclei. |
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Superior Colliculi
(upper hills) |
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Definition
| receives visual projections and controls whole-body reflexes to visual stimuli |
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Ineferior Colliculi
(Lower hills) |
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| receives auditory projections and takes part in whole0body orientation to auditory stimuli |
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Substantia Nigra
(black substance) |
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Definition
| nucleus area in the midbrain containing the cell bodies of axons containing dopamine. |
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| controls behavior movement, feeding, sexual activity, sleeping, emotional expression, temperature regulation, and endocrine regulation. |
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| group of nuclei of the diencephalon |
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| Collection of nuclei forming the most primitive region of the thalamus. |
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group of large nuclei in the forebrain
basal ganglia related disorders:
*Huntington's chorea
*Parkinson's disease
*Tourette's Syndrome |
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Originally believed to be important in controlling affective behavior
includes:
*hippocampus
*septum
*cingulate cortex
*hypothalamus
amygdala
***means the same as limbic lobe |
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newest layer of the brain, forming the outer layer.
(pretty much the same as cortex) |
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| Alternative term for the limbic system. literally means "smell brain" |
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| separates the frontal and parietal lobes |
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above the corpus callosum, medially
[image] |
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| based on the cytoarchitectonic structure, and anatomical areas are identified by number. |
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