Term
| What are the three types of macroglia? |
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Definition
| Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells |
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Term
| What are some of the roles of glial cells? |
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Definition
| provide support and structure to the brain scavengers of debris following neuronal death guidance of neuronal migration during development buffering of ions in extracellular space uptake of synaptically released neurotransmitters components of the blood-brain barrier which surrounds blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord myelinate axons |
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Term
| During an action potential, which ions flow into the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| During an action potential, which ions flow out of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the membrane is at steady state, the resting potential is... a. negative b. positive c. neutral |
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Definition
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Term
| What is saltatory conduction? |
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Definition
| The dramatic increase in speed by which an action potential travels in myelinated axons. |
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Term
| What is multiple sclerosis? |
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Definition
| The demyelination disease of the central nervous system marked by a slowing or blockade of action potential conduction. |
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Term
| What type of cell myelinates neurons in the central nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cell myelinates neurons in the peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following cells do NOT fire action potentials? a. motor neurons b. cardiac muscle cells c. vestibular ganglion cells |
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Definition
| c. vestibular ganglion cells |
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Term
| What can a NT do when released into the synapse? |
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Definition
| diffuse out of the synapse get metabolized by an enzyme in the synaptic cleft bind to a receptor in presynaptic cleft bind to a receptor in postsynaptic cleft reuptake into presynaptic cell by transporter proteins |
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Term
| Grey or white matter? Composed of cell bodies and processes information |
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Definition
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Term
| Grey or white matter? Composed of fiber bundles, has long fiber tracts both ascending and descending |
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Definition
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Term
| What is EPSP and what causes it? |
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Definition
| Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potential, caused by membrane depolarization |
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Term
| What is IPSP and what causes it? |
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Definition
| Inhibitory Post-Synaptic Potential, caused by membrane hyperpolarization |
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Term
| What are the three types of receptors? |
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Definition
| Ligand-gated (ion channel, direct) G-protein regulated ligand-gated G-protein, second-messenger regulated ligand-gated |
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Term
| What transporter is site of psychostimulant action and possible role in Parkinson's disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What transporter is a site of tricyclic antidepressant action? |
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Definition
| Norepinephrine transporter |
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Term
| What transporter is a site of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) action? |
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Definition
| Serotonin or 5-HT transporter |
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Term
| [A] is in the brain, and [B] is in the spinal cord, and they're both inhibitory amino acids, while [C] is an excitatory amino acid. |
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Definition
| A. GABA B. glycine C. glutamate |
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Term
| Define the four major modalities. tactile thermal proprioceptive nociceptive |
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Definition
| tactile: mechanical stimulation of the skin thermal: temperature changes of the skin proprioceptive: mechanical displacement of muscles, tendons, joints nociceptive: destructive insults to tissue, "pain" |
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Term
| What is a receptive field? |
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Definition
| A discrete surface area of skin to which a receptor is responsive. |
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Term
| What are the differentiating characteristics of DRG cells? |
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Definition
| Different classes of fibers: A-alpha, A-beta, A-delta, C, where A-alpha and A-beta are large diameter and myelinated so conduct fast (tactile and proprioceptive) and A-delta and C are smaller diameter and C is unmyelinated so conduct slowly (thermal and nociceptive) |
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Term
| What is the sensory pathway from skin to brain? |
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Definition
| Skin, receptor cell fibers, peripheral nerves, spinal nerves, dorsal root, spinal cord, brainstem, brain |
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