Term
multiple scerosis
- symptoms
- lab findings
- treatment |
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Definition
- optic neuritis, MLF syndrome, hemiparesis, hemisensory symptoms, bladder/bowel incontinence
- inc IgG in CAS, oligoclonal bands, MRI, periventricular plaques with preservation of axons
- beta-IFN, immunosuppression, natalizumab |
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Term
guillain-barre
- symptoms
- causes
- lab findings |
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Definition
- ascending mm weakness, facial paralysis, autonomic function affected
- campylopbacter jejuni, herpesvirus, inoculations and stress
- inc CSF protein with normal cell count (albuminocytologic dissociation) |
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Term
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Definition
| destruction of oligodendrcytes with JC virus in AIDS pts |
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Term
| acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
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Definition
| multifocal perivenular inflammation and demyelination after infection (chicken pox, measles) or certain vaccinations |
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Term
| metachromatic leukodystrophy |
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Definition
| AR lysosomal storage disease, most commonly arylsulfatase A deficiency |
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Term
| Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease |
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Definition
| progressive hereditary nerve disorders related to the defective production of proteins involved in structure and function of peripheral nerves or myelin sheath |
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Term
| peripheral vs central vertigo |
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Definition
peripheral = BPPV, emnieres; delayed horizontal nystagmus
central = brain stem or cerebellar lesion, immediate nystagmus in any direction |
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Term
| early onset alzheimer's genes |
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Definition
| APP (21), presenilin-1 (14), presenilin-2 (1) |
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Term
| late onset alzheimers gene |
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Definition
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Term
| gene that is protective vs alzheimers |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| extracellular Beta-amyloid; AB-amyloid synthesized by cleaving amyloid precursor proteins |
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Term
|
Definition
| intracellular, abnormally phsophorylated tau protein = insoluble cytoskeletal elements; tangles correlate with degree of dementia |
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Term
|
Definition
| dementia, aphasia, parkinsonian aspects; change in personality; frontotemporal |
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Term
| most common cause of dementia |
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Definition
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|
Term
| associated with down's sndrome |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| intracellular, aggregated tau protein |
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Term
|
Definition
| parkinsonism with dementia and hallucination |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| rapidly progresive (wk-mo) dementia with myoclonus |
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Term
| 2nd most common dementia in elederly |
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Definition
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Term
| partial vs generalized seizure |
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Definition
partial = 1 area of brain
generalized = diffuse |
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Term
| simple vs complex partial |
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Definition
simple = consciousness intact
complex = unconscious |
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Term
| types of generalized seizures |
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Definition
| absence, myoclonic, tonic-clonic, tonic, atonic |
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Term
|
Definition
| 3Hs; petit mal, no postnatal confusion |
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Term
| causes of seizures in children |
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Definition
| genetic, infection (febrile), trauma, congenital, metabolic |
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Term
| causes of seizures in adults |
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Definition
| tumors, trauma, stroke, infection |
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|
Term
| causes of seizure in elderly |
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Definition
| stroke, tumor, trauma, metabolic, infection |
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Term
|
Definition
| unilateral; photophobia and phonophobia, 4-72 hrs long |
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Term
|
Definition
| symptoms before HA such as visual, sensory, speech disturbances |
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Term
|
Definition
| irritation of CN V, substance P, CGRP, vasoactive peptides |
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Term
|
Definition
| propranalol, NSAIDS, sumatriptan |
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Term
|
Definition
| bilateral >30min of steady pain, no aura |
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Term
|
Definition
| unilateral; periorbital pain with ipsi lacrimation, rhinorrhea, Horner's (no anhidrosis) |
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Term
|
Definition
| inhaled oxygen, sumatriptan |
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Term
|
Definition
| port-wine stains in V1 (ophthalmic); ipsi leptomeningeal angiomas, pheochromocytoma |
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Term
| complications of sturge-weber |
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Definition
| glaucoma, seizures, hemiparesis and MR |
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Term
| features of tuberous sclerosis |
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Definition
| hamartomas in CNA and skin, ademona sebaceous (angiofibroma), mitral regurg, ash-leaf spots, cardiac rhabdomyoma, autosomal dominant, MR, renal angiomyolipoma, seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| cafe-au lait, lisch nodules, pheochromocytoma; chromosome 17 |
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Term
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Definition
| cavernous hemantiomas in skin, BL renal cell CA, hemangioblastoma in retina, brain stem cerebellum, pheochromoytoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| most common causes of adult brain tumor |
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Definition
| metastasis, glioblastoma, meningioma, schwannoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| his to of glioblastoma multiforme |
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Definition
| pseudopalisading pleomorphic tumor cells- border central areas of necrosis and hemorrhage |
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Term
| arises from arachnoid cells |
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Definition
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|
Term
| brain tumor with psammoma bodies |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| convexities of hemispheres and parasagittal regions |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| chicken wire capillary patten |
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Definition
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|
Term
| location of adult brain tumors vs child brain tumors |
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Definition
adult = supratentorial
child = infratentorial |
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Term
|
Definition
| pituitary tumor, craniopharyngeoma |
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Term
| most common brain ca in children |
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Definition
| pilocytic, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, hemangioblastoma, craniopharyngioma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| can compress the 4th ventricle -> hydrocephalus |
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Definition
| medulloblastoma, ependymoma |
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Term
| Homer-wright pseudorosette patterns |
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Definition
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|
Term
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Definition
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Term
| a form of primitive neuroectodermal tumor |
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Definition
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Term
| perivascular pseudorosettes |
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Definition
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|
Term
| rod-shaped blepharoplasts |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| derived from remnants of Rathke's pouch |
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Definition
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|
Term
| most common childhood supratentorial tumor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cingulate under falx cerebri; downward transtentorial herniation, uncal herniation; cerebellar tonsillar herniation into the foramen magnum |
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Term
| uncal hernia: ipsilateral dilated pupil and ptosis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| uncal hernia: contra homo hemianopia |
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Definition
| compression of ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery |
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Term
| uncal hernia: ipsilateral paresis |
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Definition
| compression of contralateral crus cerebra (Kernohan's notch) |
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Term
| uncal hernia: dure-hemorrhages- paramedian artery rupture |
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Definition
| caudal displacement of brain stem |
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