Term
| What are the 2 pathologic types of stroke? |
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Definition
| Ischemic (80-85%) and Hemorrhagic (10-15%) |
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Term
| Name 2 etiologies of ischemic stroke. |
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Definition
| Embolus from heart or feeding art. (MC) and thrombosis of cerebral art. |
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Term
| Name 4 non-modifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke. |
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Definition
| 1)Male 2)Age (doubles q 10yrs /p 55) 3)Race (blacks and hispanics) 4)Family hx TIA or stroke |
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Term
| Name 6 conditions/behaviors that are well-documented risk factors for ischemic stroke. |
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Definition
| 1)HTN 2)Smoking 3)HD (CAD, LVH, chronic a-fib) 4)Hyperlipidemia 5)DM 6)Sickle cell dz |
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Term
| Name 4 hematologic causes of ischemic stroke. |
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Definition
| 1)Def. of anti-coagulants (protein C,s) 2)Clotting factor excess (V, VIII, X, Fibrinogen) 3)Fibrinolytic factor def. (plasminogen) 4)Other (polycythemia vera) |
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Term
| Describe the presentation of a pt w/ an ischemic stroke of the carotid territory (6). |
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Definition
| 1)Amaurosis fugax 2)ALOC 3)Aphasia 4)Dysarthria 5)Facial weakness/asymmetry 6)Weakness/paralysis of one side |
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Term
| Describe the presentation of a pt w/ an ischemic stroke of the vertebrobasilar territory (6). |
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Definition
| 1)Occipital HA 2)Ataxia 3)Visual loss 4)Vertigo, N/V 5)Diplopia, photophobia, phonophobia 6)Unilat. hearing loss, tinnitus |
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Term
| How long does a TIA last? |
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Definition
| <24hrs (usu. 20min to 1 hr) |
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Term
| What meds are used to tx TIA? |
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Definition
| Antiplatelet (Asprin, ticlid, Plavix, or Aggrenox) or anticoagulant (Coumadin to INR 2-3) |
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Term
| What is the surgical tx for TIA in pts stenosis of >50%? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the presentation of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (4). |
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Definition
| 1)Contralateral hemiparesis and hyesthesia 2)Ipsilateral hemianopsia 3)Gaze t/w side of lesion 4)Agnosia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the clinical presentation of a pt w/ anterior cerebral artery occlusion (7). |
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Definition
| 1)Disinhibition 2)Speech preservation 3)Primitive reflexes (grasping, sucking) 4)AMS 5)Contralateral weakness 6)Gait apraxia 7)Urinary incontinence |
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Term
| Describe the presentation of posterior cerebral artery occlusion (5). |
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Definition
| 1)Contralteral homonymous hemianopsia 2)Cortical blindness 3)Visual agnosia 4)AMS 5) Impaired memory |
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Term
| Occlusion of what results in vertigo, ataxia, nystagmus, diplopia, visual field deficits, dysphagia, dysarthria, facial hypesthesia, and syncope? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a major difference in the clinical presentation of a vertebrobasilar artery vs. an anterior stroke? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lacunar strokes are common in pts w/ what condition? |
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Definition
| Small-vessel dz (DM and HTN) |
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Term
| Do lacunar strokes lead to impairment in cognition, memory, speech, or LOC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are CT findings in ischemic stroke? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 inclusion criteria for the use of t-PA for ischemic stroke? |
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Definition
| 1)> or = 18yo 2)Dx of ischemic stroke causing neurologic deficits 3)Time of onset of sx w/i 3 hrs |
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Term
| what are exclusion criteria for t-PA (8)? |
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Definition
| 1)ICH 2)Anticoagulant or INR >1.7 3)Plt <100,000 4)GLUC <50 5)STroke or MI w/i 3m 6)Major surgery w/i 14d 7)SZ 8)GI or urinary bleed w/i 21d |
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Term
| What is the leading cause of death /p ischemic stroke? |
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Definition
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