Term
| Three types of seizures to know are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Missing an antiepileptic dose, or toxicity of the med, could lead to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Precursors to a seizure are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A client experiencing a seizure may be given one of these three meds to stop the seizure: |
|
Definition
| valium, Ativan, or phenobarb (usual choice with children) |
|
|
Term
| A client treated with a medication to stop a seizure should be monitored for |
|
Definition
| respiratory depression, a common side effect. |
|
|
Term
| Common treatments to prevent seizures include |
|
Definition
| Dilantin, Neurontin, Depakote and Tegretol |
|
|
Term
| Clients on Dilantin should be instructed about the common side-effect of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arterial hemorrhage in the brain is the usual cause of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tears in veins around the brain is the usual cause of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A burhole may be needed to relive pressure caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A football player's head being "bounced around" in the pile can result in a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A common nursing intervention to treat increased ICP is |
|
Definition
| hyperventilation (of the patient, not the nurse!) |
|
|
Term
| A common drug treatment for increased ICP is |
|
Definition
| mannitol, an osmotic diuretic |
|
|
Term
| A sign of increasing ICP on the left side is |
|
Definition
| dilation of the RIGHT pupil. |
|
|
Term
| Damage to the hypothalamus can result in lowered ADH production, which leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diabetes insipidus can be the result of tramautic injury to the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The consequence of increased ICP depends upon |
|
Definition
| degree and rate of increase. |
|
|
Term
| Shunting of CSF into the sub-arachnoid space is |
|
Definition
| a normal body response to reduce ICP. |
|
|
Term
| If a client shows signs of mildly increased ICP, the nurse may help reduce the pressure by |
|
Definition
| having the client hyperventilate. |
|
|
Term
| Early signs of increased ICP include |
|
Definition
- restlessness
- irritability
- DECREASED LOC
- sluggish or fixed (and usually dilated) pupils |
|
|
Term
| A late sign of increased ICP, known as Cushing's triad, includes |
|
Definition
- bradycardia
- bradypnea
- systolic hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Bradycardia, bradypnea, and systolic hypertension, as signs of increased ICP, are known collectively as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Late signs of increased ICP include |
|
Definition
- Cushing's sign
- nausea/vomiting
- hemiplegia (paralysis)
- decortigate or decerebrate posture |
|
|
Term
| Difficulty speaking properly would indicate damage to the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nursing intervention for increased ICP includes |
|
Definition
- positioning with head up at least 30 degrees.
- decrease stimuli (low lights, quiet) |
|
|
Term
| Medications for treating increased ICP include |
|
Definition
| anticonvulsants, osmotic diuretics, antiemetics |
|
|
Term
| Spinal cord transsection may result in |
|
Definition
| paraplegia or quadriplegia |
|
|
Term
| The type of injury that commonly results in paraplegia or quadriplegia is called a |
|
Definition
| spinal cord transsection. |
|
|
Term
| A person with long-term memory problems may have a physical brain problem in the area known as the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After a lumbar puncture, the client should be monitored for |
|
Definition
| numbness and/or weakness below the puncture site. |
|
|
Term
| Nursing in prepration for an MRI should include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Before performing an EEG, make sure the patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After an EEG, the patient should |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cerebellar dysfunction would result in |
|
Definition
| loss of balance, coordination, muscle tone, and posture. |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for ICP of over 24 would likely include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To protect the public from meningitis, |
|
Definition
| those diagnosed should be on isolation for 24 hrs. |
|
|
Term
| A client with pupils of unequal size is suffering from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The client who is unable to speak is suffering from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The client whose eyes move involuntarily is suffering from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The scale used to measure LOC is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A person with decerebrate postering likely has |
|
Definition
| damage to the upper brain stem. |
|
|
Term
| A person with decorticate postering likely has |
|
Definition
| damage to one or both corticospinal tracts. |
|
|
Term
| A client with arms flexed and extended away from the body is exhibiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A client with arms adducted and flexed upon the chest s exhibiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ability to speak clearly, but use incorrect words - "word salad" - is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The inability to speak clearly - mumbling - is known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first thing to do when a patient has a seizure is |
|
Definition
| protect the patient's safety. Do not leave the patient alone. |
|
|
Term
| Progression of posturing in deteriorating brain function |
|
Definition
| decorticate - decerebrate - flacid (dead). |
|
|
Term
| A patient presenting with a headache, blurred vision, and weakness on one side may have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A person with a brain tumor is most likely to die from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The test that most accurately detects brain tumors is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Care planning for a client receiving brachytherapy should include |
|
Definition
| minimizing client contact with visitors and staff. |
|
|
Term
| A major issue that complicates the effectiveness of chemotherapy for treating brain tumors is |
|
Definition
| the blood-brain barrier prevents most chemicals from entering the brain, thus requiring high doses to be effective. |
|
|
Term
| A technique that attacks tumor cells while having minimal effect on normal tissue is called |
|
Definition
| stereotactic radiosurgery. |
|
|
Term
| A common med used in the treatment of swelling associated with brain tumors is |
|
Definition
| dexamethasone (Decadron). |
|
|
Term
| A client on dexamethasone (Decadron) should be monitored for |
|
Definition
| signs of Cushing's syndrome. |
|
|
Term
| Clients on Decadron should be cautioned about |
|
Definition
| discontinuing the medication abruptly. |
|
|
Term
| Status epilepticus is characterized by |
|
Definition
| seizures lasting at least 30 minutes with no return to consciousness. |
|
|
Term
| The priority nursing concern for a client with status epilepticus is |
|
Definition
| getting oxygen to the brain. |
|
|
Term
| A patient at risk for status epilepticus should have the following items in the room: |
|
Definition
- valium or Ativan
- intubation equipment |
|
|
Term
| For patients treated with neuromuscular blockade drugs, verification that a seizure has stopped is done by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the Alzheimer's patient, an abnormality exists within the protein of a neuron, which leads to the formation of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There appears to be a correlation in people over 40 between Alzheimer's and |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The disease that is known for plaques and tangles is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The area of the brain usually affected first by Alzheimer's is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A patient whose Alzheimer's has spread to the frontal lobes will likely display |
|
Definition
| personality changes and incontinence. |
|
|
Term
| The early stage of Alzheimer's lasts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The middle stage of Alzheimer's lasts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The stage of Alzheimer's at which hallucinations and seizures may occur is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the middle stage of Alzheimer's, physical activity tends to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two classic signs of Parkinson's disease is |
|
Definition
| shuffling gait and pillrolling tremors. |
|
|
Term
| Parkinson's is the result of |
|
Definition
| decreased dopamine production. |
|
|
Term
| A patient presenting with tremors, muscle rigidity and akinesia likely has |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Generalized weakness, muscle fatigue and cramping, and difficulty with fine motor activities are |
|
Definition
| secondary symptoms of Parkinson's. |
|
|
Term
| Patients with Parkinson's usually die from |
|
Definition
| complications of immobility. |
|
|
