Term
| Pressure inside the skull? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the minimum perfusion pressure to have adequate cerebral perfusion? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of blood in our brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 components affect each other in the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- lumbar puncture
- holes in the skull with a cath |
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Term
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Definition
- LOC decreased
- pupils fixed or dilated
- altered motor function
- abnormal posturing
- cushing's triad |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What do you have to have with Cushing's Triad? |
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Definition
- increase systolic BP
- no change to diastolic BP causing a wide pulse pressure S-D=PP
- very bradycardia and irregular heart beat |
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Term
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Definition
- HOB elevated at 30 degrees
- IV monnitol: diuretic that can pass the blood brain barrier
- put on a ventilator to control hyperventilation
- Corticosteriods (dexamethasone) to help with inflammation |
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Term
| Electrical impulses in the brain become highly chaotic yielding abnormal activity and behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| What information should you gather while a pt is having a seizure? |
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Definition
- how long it lasted
- did anything cause it
- how is LOC after
- how is behavior during |
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Term
| This kind of Epilepsy is only effects part of the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the different Partial Epilepsy seizures? |
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Definition
- Simple: pt doesn't loss consciousness but will have twitching in a part of their body.
- Complex: may or may not loss consciousness but entire body will twitch. |
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Term
| This type of seizure involves the entire brain. Consciousness is lost. May be tonic- clonic or absence? |
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Definition
| Generalized Seizures (grand-ma seizures) |
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Term
| What are different types of generalized seizures? |
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Definition
- Tonic: extremities are rigid
- Clonic: shacking (rhythmic moving)
- Absent: no shaking, looks like they are daydreaming |
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Term
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Definition
- Drug: anticonvulcer, muscle relaxers, sedatives.
- side rails up
- suction machine readily available |
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Term
| Trauma with no visible injury to the skull or brain but loss of consciousness <5 minutes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bruising and bleeding in the brain tissue, can be serious if brain stem is affected? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lesions within the tissue of the brain, maybe be large or small, and may cause brain damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Accumulation of blood under the skull? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment for head injuries? |
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Definition
| - debriding damaged tissue |
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Term
| Interventions for head injuries? |
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Definition
- monitoring for signs of increased ICP
- initiate seizure precautions
- turning and repositioning |
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Term
| Inflammation of the meningeal covering of the brain and spinal cord by either viruses or bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- headache
- nuchal rigidity: can't flex neck forward
- irritability
- decreased LOC
- photophobia
- hypersensitivity
- seizure activity
- Kernig (can't straiten knee)
- Brudzinski (legs bend when held is pulled forward) |
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Term
| Treatment for meningitis? |
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Definition
- Antimicrobial for bacterial infection
- DROPLET PRECAUTION
- elevate HOB
- seizure precaution
- monitor respiratory status
- vaccinate for pneumonia
- prophylactic abx for those in contact with bacterial meningitis pt's.
* will have a very high fever |
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Term
| Inflammation of the brain tissue caused by a virus? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- fever
- headache
- confusion, delirium, restlessness
- hemiparesis, facial weakness
- alterations of motor activity |
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Term
| Treatment for Encephalitis? |
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Definition
- same as meningitis
- DROPLET PRECAUTION |
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Term
| This affects motor function of peripheral nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| S/S of Guillian-Barre Syndrome |
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Definition
| - symptoms start in toes: weakness and tingling |
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Term
| Treatment for Guillian-Barre Syndrome? |
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Definition
- Corticosteriods: helps change the immune system
- Plasmapheresis: blood is removed, contrifuged and returned to pt |
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Term
| Progressive degenerative disorder of the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bradykinesia: everything slows down |
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Term
| Treatment for Parkinsons? |
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Definition
- dopamine receptors agonists
- anticholinergic
- massage, heat, exercise, gait training |
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Term
| Chronic, progressive degenerative disease that attacks the protective myelin sheath? Disrupts the conduction of impulses through the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| MRI of the brain and spinal cord can be done to reveal plaques |
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Term
| Degenerative neurological disorder? |
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Definition
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Lou Gehrig disease |
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Term
| How long does someone live with ALS? |
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Definition
| 3-5 years after diagnosis |
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Term
| Inherited degenerative neurological disorder. Usually begins in middle adulthood? |
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Definition
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