Term
| another term to describe a stroke and why |
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Definition
| cerebrovascular accident or infarction: death of neurone |
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Term
| factors effecting type and severity of stroke symptoms (2) |
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Definition
| which blood vessel(s) are effected or blood supply impairment to brain |
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Term
| 2 types of strokes and describe each |
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Definition
- ischaemic: cerebral vessels supplying brain are blocked
- haemorrhagic: cerebral blood vessels are bleeding into the brain |
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Term
| 2 types of ischaemic strokes and describe each |
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Definition
- thrombotic: blockage occurs within blood vessel that supplies brain tissue
- embolic: fragments that have broken off from blood vessels, travel systemically and become lodged in the small blood vessels in the brain. This causes ishaecmia and stroke |
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Term
| most common cause of thrombotic stroke |
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Definition
| fatty deposits (high cholesterol)/atherosclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
| transient ischaemic attack: temporary decrease of blood flow to brain . Causes brief changes in brain function |
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Term
| symptoms and duration of TIA |
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Definition
vision changes, speech and motor deficits, dizziness and loss of consciousness
duration: neurological deficits should relieve before 24hours |
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Term
| further complications of TIA |
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Definition
| warning that a cerebral accident is occurring, or another TIA |
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Term
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Definition
| spasms and narrowing of a blood vessel , or blood clot |
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Term
| lacunar stroke- describe and location? |
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Definition
| thromboic stroke (<1cm in diameter), located predominantly in deep brain regions (eg. pons and basal nuclei) in small attires |
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Term
| lacunar stoke- causes? (3) |
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Definition
| smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus |
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Term
| lacunar manifestations (differences to other strokes) |
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Definition
| only cause motor and/or sensory deficits only |
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Term
| 2 types of haemorrhagic strokes- describe each |
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Definition
- intracerebral
- subarachnoid |
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Term
| causes of intracerebral haemorrhage (7) |
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Definition
| related to hypertension, ruptured aneurysms, bleeding into a tumour, associated tithe bleeding disorders, anticoagulation drugs, head trauma and illicit drug use |
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Term
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Definition
| bleeding of the brain into the space containing the cerebrospinal fluid (subarachnoid space) |
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Term
| further complication of subarachnoid haemorrhage in relation to structure (excluding inflammation) |
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Definition
| bleeding increases intracranial pressure and causes deficit in CSF fluid, these two contributing factors lead to an increase in intracranial pressure and a decrease of blood supply to the brain. Haematoma compresses and displaces the tissue of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| clotted masses of blood within tissues |
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Term
| subarachnoid haemorrhage in relation to inflammatory response |
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Definition
| blood mass irritates neural tissue. Macrophages and astrocytes clear away the blood |
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Term
| how cerebral haemorrhage resolves |
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Definition
| reabsorption and formation of cavity decreases the intracranial pressure |
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