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Neuro
Kaplan11 - Limbic System
11
Accounting
Pre-School
04/19/2013

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Cards

Term
What composes the limbic system?
Definition
Hippocampal formation; three layered structure
-Hippocampus
-Dentate gyrus
-Subiculum
-Entorhinal cortex

-Amygdala
-Septal nuclei
-Cingulate gyrus (main cortical area)
Term
What are the connections of the limbic to other systems?
Definition
Connected to thalamic and hypothalamic structures;
-Ant. & dorsomedial nuc.
-Mammillary bodies

-Cingulate gyrus is main cortical projection

-Also connects with olfactory system (smell & memory)
Term
What is the overall function of the limbic system?
Definition
-Memory and learning center
-Sex drive
-Emotions & behavior
-Smell
Term
Where does Alzheimers disease begin? What kind of memory loss do we get? Buzzwords?
Definition
-In the **hippocampus (particularly in the CA3 and entorhinal cortex portion)

-Get **anterograde amnesia (no new memory) the earliest
-Often see aphasia also

-*Neurofibrillary tangles
-*Amyloid plaques
-*Down syndrome (chrom 21 is often defective)
Term
Aphasia?
Definition
-Can't talk
-Wernicke's area involvement (back of the temporal lobe)
Term
Korsakoff memory loss involves..? Starts as..? Structures? Treatment?
Definition
Wernicke encephalopathy - same symptoms as drunkenness basically; ocular palsies, confusion, gait ataxia--> progresses to Korsakoff

-Anterograde & *retrograde amnesia (leads to confabulations)

-***Mammillary bodies
-From thiamine def.

-Treat with thiamine and *then glucose
Term
What is special about the olfactory nerves? Destination? Three olfactory lesion types?
Definition
-No sensory ganglion (scattered)
-Neurons are constantly renewed
-*No thalamic relay

-Temporal lobe and amygdala

-Hyposmia (incomplete)
-Dysosmia (distorted)
-Anosmia (gone)
Term
No smell and infertile?
Definition
-Kallmann synd.

-GnRH cells start out in bulb
-Calls for LH and FSH-->sterility when gone
Term
Papez circuit?
Definition
-Hippocampus---(fornix)--->Mammilary body
-Mammilary body---(mammilothalamic tr.)--->Ant. nuc.
-Ant. nuc. of thalamus---(ant. limb)--->Cingulate gyrus
-Cingulate gyrus---(cingulum or entohinal cortex)-->

-See 476
Term
What is the big purpose of the amygdala?
Definition
-Attaches emotional significance to stimuli, i.e. emotional response to memory
Term
Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
Definition
-From *bilateral lesions of **amygdala **hippocampus (may say bilateral ant. temporal lesions)

-**Placidity; passive, emotionless, no fear response
-**Hypersexuality; masturbation in public, objects, etc.
-*Oral exploratory behavior and dietary changes
-*Anterograde amnesia
-*Hypermetamorphosis; irresistible impulse to notice and react to everything within sight as if new, even when old
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