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neuro
n/a
44
Accounting
Pre-School
04/15/2010

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Cards

Term
what brain structure is associated with seratonin?
Definition
raphe nuclei
Term
what brain structure is associated with norepinephrine?
Definition
locus coeruleus
Term
what brain structure is associated with dopamine?
Definition
substantia nigra pars compacta
Term
what brain structure is associatd with acetylcholine?
Definition
nucleus basalis (meynert)
Term
hypoxia/hypoxemia associated with neuropathology in what region of brain?
Definition
hippocampus (CA-1 or sommer's sector), cerebellar purkinje cells, cortical neurons
Term
carbon monoxide poisoning
Definition
globus pallidus necrosis (bilateral) and delayed demyelination
Term
huntington's disease affects what region of brain?
Definition
striatum (esp caudate)
Term
parkinson's disease affects what area of brain?
Definition
pars compacta of substantia nigra (dopaminergic neurons) - not only a loss of neurons but development of lewy bodies
Term
ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) affects what region of brain?
Definition
motor neurons in brain and spinal cord (lou gherigs)
Term
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy affects what region of brain?
Definition
subcortical white matter
Term
MS affects what region of the brain?
Definition
periventricular white matter, but affects central myelinated axon throughout the CNS
Term
neurogenesis may be possible in what 2 places of the brain?
Definition
hippocampus and olfactory bulb
Term
what protein bodies do we look for to dx rabies?
Definition
negri bodies
Term
what is the known polymorphism associated with CJD?
Definition
codon 129 methionine or valine homozygosity. heterozygosity might be protective and do not usually result in CJD
Term
what is the mutation associated with Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker syndrome?
Definition
proline to leucine at codon 102 (100% penetrance)
Term
what is the mutation associated with familial CJD?
Definition
glutamic acid to lysine at codon 200 (100% penetrance)
Term
what is the mutation associated with fatal familial insomnia?
Definition
aspartic acid to asparagine at codon 178 (not 100% penetrance) + met @ codon 129 (if val @ 129 then it's CJD)
Term
damage to what area of brain causes Gerstmann syndrome (and what is it)?
Definition
dominant hemisphere angular gyrus (agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, right to left confusion)
Term
occlusion of what cranial vessel results in wallenberg syndrome (and what is it)?
Definition
occlusion of vertebral artery (loss of pain and temperature sensation on ipsilateral face and contralateral body)
Term
infarction of posterior cerebral artery causes?
Definition
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
Term
infarction of MCA territory of dominant hemisphere causes what damage?
Definition
contralateral hemiplegia and aphasia
Term
occlusion of anterior cerebral artery results in what kind of loss?
Definition
contralateral leg weakness and sensory loss
Term
Heubner's arteriis associated with?
Definition
meningovascular syphilis
Term
tabes dorsalis associated with?
Definition
neurosyphilis
Term
charcot joints associated with?
Definition
neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis) destruction of dorsal columns --> loss of position sense and pain --> skin and joint damage
Term
dieterle stain helps identify what?
Definition
borrelia burgdorferi (neuroborreliosis aka lyme disease of the brain)
Term
cowdry type A inclusion bodies associated with what?
Definition
hsv and sspe
Term
what structures are damaged in fatal familial insomnia?
Definition
anterior ventral and dorsomedial nuclei of thalamus, neuronal loss in inferior olivary nuclei
Term
which prion disease has parkinsonisms?
Definition
GSS
Term
what brain tissue does CJD destroy?
Definition
gray matter (spongiform change)
Term
what is the defective gene involved in CADASIL?
Definition
notch 3 of chromosome 19
Term
what chromosome is affected in neurofibromatosis I?
Definition
17
Term
what chromosome is affected in neurofibromatosis II?
Definition
22
Term
what chromosome is affected in tuberous sclerosis?
Definition
16
Term
what chromosome is affected in von hippel-lindau disease?
Definition
chromosome 3
Term
what chromosome is affected in li-fraumeni syndrome?
Definition
17 (p53 mutation)
Term
what chromosome is affected in turcot syndrome?
Definition
5
Term
what chromosome is affected in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (gorlin syndrome)?
Definition
9
Term
what chromosomal mutations are linked to early onset familial alzheimer's?
Definition
chromosome 14 (presenilin 1) and chromosome 1 (presenilin 2) + small fraction chromosome 21 (APP gene)
Term
frontotemporal dementias associated with genes on which 3 chromosomes?
Definition
17, 3, 9
Term
what are the 2 chromosome 17 linked frontotemporal dementias?
Definition
1. ibiquitin+ inclusions linked to PGRN gene, encodes progranulin (development, wound repair, inflammation, cell cycle progression, cell motility, neuronal survival) 2. mutations of tau. parkinsonism + extensive tau deposition, hyperorality, ocd, disturbance of cognitive function
Term
what is the gene mutated in chromosome 3 linked frontotemporal dementia?
Definition
CHMP2B (encodes component of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) behavioral and personality changes, disinhibition, nonfluent aphasia, mutism, and dystonia
Term
what gene is mutated in chromosome 9 linked frontotemporal dementia?
Definition
valosin-containing protein (VCP), myopathy + paget's disease of bone
Term
the gene encoding for ApoE is located on which chromosome?
Definition
19
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