Term
| what brain structure is associated with seratonin? |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain structure is associated with norepinephrine? |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain structure is associated with dopamine? |
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Definition
| substantia nigra pars compacta |
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Term
| what brain structure is associatd with acetylcholine? |
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Definition
| nucleus basalis (meynert) |
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Term
| hypoxia/hypoxemia associated with neuropathology in what region of brain? |
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Definition
| hippocampus (CA-1 or sommer's sector), cerebellar purkinje cells, cortical neurons |
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Term
| carbon monoxide poisoning |
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Definition
| globus pallidus necrosis (bilateral) and delayed demyelination |
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Term
| huntington's disease affects what region of brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| parkinson's disease affects what area of brain? |
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Definition
| pars compacta of substantia nigra (dopaminergic neurons) - not only a loss of neurons but development of lewy bodies |
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Term
| ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) affects what region of brain? |
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Definition
| motor neurons in brain and spinal cord (lou gherigs) |
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Term
| progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy affects what region of brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| MS affects what region of the brain? |
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Definition
| periventricular white matter, but affects central myelinated axon throughout the CNS |
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Term
| neurogenesis may be possible in what 2 places of the brain? |
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Definition
| hippocampus and olfactory bulb |
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Term
| what protein bodies do we look for to dx rabies? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the known polymorphism associated with CJD? |
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Definition
| codon 129 methionine or valine homozygosity. heterozygosity might be protective and do not usually result in CJD |
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Term
| what is the mutation associated with Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker syndrome? |
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Definition
| proline to leucine at codon 102 (100% penetrance) |
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Term
| what is the mutation associated with familial CJD? |
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Definition
| glutamic acid to lysine at codon 200 (100% penetrance) |
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Term
| what is the mutation associated with fatal familial insomnia? |
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Definition
| aspartic acid to asparagine at codon 178 (not 100% penetrance) + met @ codon 129 (if val @ 129 then it's CJD) |
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Term
| damage to what area of brain causes Gerstmann syndrome (and what is it)? |
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Definition
| dominant hemisphere angular gyrus (agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, right to left confusion) |
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Term
| occlusion of what cranial vessel results in wallenberg syndrome (and what is it)? |
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Definition
| occlusion of vertebral artery (loss of pain and temperature sensation on ipsilateral face and contralateral body) |
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Term
| infarction of posterior cerebral artery causes? |
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Definition
| contralateral homonymous hemianopsia |
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Term
| infarction of MCA territory of dominant hemisphere causes what damage? |
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Definition
| contralateral hemiplegia and aphasia |
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Term
| occlusion of anterior cerebral artery results in what kind of loss? |
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Definition
| contralateral leg weakness and sensory loss |
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Term
| Heubner's arteriis associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| tabes dorsalis associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| charcot joints associated with? |
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Definition
| neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis) destruction of dorsal columns --> loss of position sense and pain --> skin and joint damage |
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Term
| dieterle stain helps identify what? |
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Definition
| borrelia burgdorferi (neuroborreliosis aka lyme disease of the brain) |
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Term
| cowdry type A inclusion bodies associated with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what structures are damaged in fatal familial insomnia? |
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Definition
| anterior ventral and dorsomedial nuclei of thalamus, neuronal loss in inferior olivary nuclei |
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Term
| which prion disease has parkinsonisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain tissue does CJD destroy? |
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Definition
| gray matter (spongiform change) |
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Term
| what is the defective gene involved in CADASIL? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in neurofibromatosis I? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in neurofibromatosis II? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in tuberous sclerosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in von hippel-lindau disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in li-fraumeni syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in turcot syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosome is affected in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (gorlin syndrome)? |
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Definition
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Term
| what chromosomal mutations are linked to early onset familial alzheimer's? |
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Definition
| chromosome 14 (presenilin 1) and chromosome 1 (presenilin 2) + small fraction chromosome 21 (APP gene) |
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Term
| frontotemporal dementias associated with genes on which 3 chromosomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 2 chromosome 17 linked frontotemporal dementias? |
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Definition
| 1. ibiquitin+ inclusions linked to PGRN gene, encodes progranulin (development, wound repair, inflammation, cell cycle progression, cell motility, neuronal survival) 2. mutations of tau. parkinsonism + extensive tau deposition, hyperorality, ocd, disturbance of cognitive function |
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Term
| what is the gene mutated in chromosome 3 linked frontotemporal dementia? |
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Definition
| CHMP2B (encodes component of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) behavioral and personality changes, disinhibition, nonfluent aphasia, mutism, and dystonia |
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Term
| what gene is mutated in chromosome 9 linked frontotemporal dementia? |
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Definition
| valosin-containing protein (VCP), myopathy + paget's disease of bone |
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Term
| the gene encoding for ApoE is located on which chromosome? |
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Definition
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