Term
| What are some clinical signs of brain tumors |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and kids |
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Definition
Adults: Glioma
Kids: Astrocytoma of Cerebellum |
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Term
| What are the tumors derived from the neural tube |
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Definition
Astrocytoma
Ependymoma
Oligodendroglioma
Medulloblastoma(Undifferentiated neural tube) |
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Term
| What are the tumors derived from the Neural Crest Cells |
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Definition
Schwannoma
Neurofibroma(Schwann)
Meningioma(arachnoidal)
Melanomas |
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Term
| What is the most common infratentorial tumor in adults and kids |
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Definition
Adults: Schwannoma of Acoustic Nerve
Children: Astrocytoma of cerebellum |
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Term
| What are the most common extradural tumors Affecting the CNS |
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Definition
Metastases
Primary Bone Tumors |
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Term
| What are the most common primary Intradural spinal Tumors? |
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Definition
Meningiomas(most common)
Ependymomas
Astrocytomas |
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Term
| What are the common PNS tumors? |
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Definition
| Schwann cell derived: Schwannoma and Neurofibroma |
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Term
| Why is maligancy less important in Brain Tumors |
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Definition
| Damage is more commonly caused by the mass effect |
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Term
| Where do metastases to the brain typically occur, what are common ones, and are they multi-focal? |
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Definition
Grey-white junction
Breast and Lung
Yes, Multifocal |
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Term
| What is the gross and micro appearance of an low grade astrocytoma and is it malignant? |
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Definition
Hemisperic Mass with increased astrocyte density
Not malignant, but does transform |
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Term
| What is the gross and micro appearance of a High Grade Astrocytoma(Glioblastoma multiforme)? |
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Definition
Hemispheric, Discolored, Softened
Micro: Central necrosis, Palisading, Anaplastic, Giant cells |
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Term
| What patients develop astrocytomas in the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do pilocytic astrocytomas occur? what is their appearance? and what site has the worst prognosis? |
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Definition
Third ventrical: Pilocytic(worst prognosis)
Optic: pilocytic
Cerebellum: Cystic |
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Term
| What is the gross and Micro appearance of an Oligodendroglioma |
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Definition
Gross: Cerebral hemispheres
Micro: Clear Cell, Cytoplasmic Halos, Fried Egg |
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Term
| What is the most common tumor in a ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| How does an ependymoma appear microscopically and how does it appear grossly in kids and adults? |
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Definition
Kids: 4th ventrical
Adults: Spinal Cord
Micro: Ependymal Canals and Rosettes |
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Term
| Where are Medulloblastomas found and what is there microscopic appearance |
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Definition
Posterior Fossa(Cerebellum) but disseminate with CSF to spinal cord
Micro:
PNET(Small blue cells)
Rosettes(solid center)
Nuclear Molding |
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Term
| What is gross and micro appearance of Meningioma? |
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Definition
Supratentoral meninges attached to dural, Bosselated
Micro: Whorls and Psammoma bodies |
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Term
| What patients and what areas of the brain are affected by lymphoma |
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Definition
Immunosuppressed
Intraparenchymal and Perivascular |
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Term
| How do metastases access the Spinal cord? |
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Definition
| Metastasize to vertebrae and extend into spinal cord |
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Term
| What is Carcinomatous menigitis |
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Definition
| Adenocarcinoma metastasize throughout the subarachnoid causing Diffuse Brain Dysfunction |
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Term
| What is the gross and micro appearance of Schwannoma and who does it typically affect |
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Definition
Affects 40-60 yr olds and neurofibromatosis patients
Gross: Cicumscribed compressing peripheral nerves
Micro: Antoni A and B Areas, Verocay Bodies(palisading nuclei)
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Term
| What is the gross and micro appearance of a Neurofibroma and who gets them |
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Definition
Gross: Noncircumscribed lesions of distal nerves
Micro: Bands Spindle Cells
Who: pateints with Neurofibromatosis |
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Term
| What are the common locations of astrocytomas |
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Definition
Cerebral hemispheres(Low and High Grade)
Brain Stem(patients und 20 yrs old)
Third Ventrical, Optic Nerve(Pilocytic)
Cerebellum(Cystic) |
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