Term
| What genes are used to different the HIV subtypes |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the structural features of HIV |
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Definition
Enveloped ssRNA
Gp120 and Gp41
RT and Integrase |
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Term
| Describe some of the important genes in HIV |
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Definition
POl: RT, Integrase, Protease
ENV: Gp160(Gp120, Gp41)
GAG: Structural
LTG: Integration and gene regulation
TAT: Increase viral expression
REV: Transport of virus from nucleus to cytoplasm |
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Term
| What are the major receptors for the HIV virus |
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Definition
CD4
CXCR4-T trophic, Associated with late disease
CCR5- M trophic, Associated with transmission |
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Term
| Course of HIV and the levels of viral load and CD4 counts |
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Definition
1. Mononucleousis Like(2-3 wks): Transient virema, decreasing CD4
2. Asymptomatic or lymphadenopathy: Viral load decrease and plateau, CD4 plateau
3. Lymphadenopathy, Fever, Infections, Dementia: Increased viral load, declining CD4 |
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Term
| How does HIV cause damage to the immune system? |
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Definition
Membrane Permeability
Synctia formation
Apoptosis
Proviral DNA toxicity
Low CD4 dysregulates immune system |
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Term
| How does HIV access the CNS, what are the neuropathogenic mechanisms of damage, why is it difficult to treat HIV CNS disease, and what is the result of HIV CNS damage? |
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Definition
Access: Macrophage to cross BBB
Direct and indirect(neurotoxic) damage
Some Astrocyte and Neuronal infection
Tx difficulty: BBB limits ART Therapy
Result: HIV associated Dementia |
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Term
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Definition
Elisa and Western Blot confirmation
PCR for viral loads |
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Term
| Mechanisms of Drug Therapy for HIV |
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Definition
NRTI's
NNRTI's
Protease Inhibitors
Integrase inhibitor
Fusion Inhibitors |
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Term
| What are the mechanisms by which HIV evades the immune system? |
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Definition
Heavy glycosylation of GP120
Reservior in Monocytes and Macrophages
Integration into the Genome
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Term
| What are the methods of reducing the HIV epidemic? |
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Definition
Education: Transmission, Protection, Risk
Screen Donated Bio products
Prevent Accidental Exposure |
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