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Neuro peds
N/A
80
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
11/11/2012

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Cards

Term
name 5 symptoms of infants with ICP
Definition
bulding fontanel, irritibility, high pitch cry, change in feeding, setting sun sign
Term
children with ICP have what signs...7
Definition
headache, N/V, diplopia, seizures, irritibility, memory loss, decline in school performance
Term
name 4 causes of ICP
Definition
tumor, accumulation of fluid, bleeding, or edema
Term
three parts of the glasgow coma scale are what
Definition
eye opening, motor response, verbal response
Term
what score indicates coma with GCS
Definition
8 or below
Term
what is the most important neuro assessment
Definition
LOC
Term
what are 2 reflexes that indicate severe brain damage
Definition
abscence of corneal and presence of tonic neck reflex
Term
after what age is babinski abnormal
Definition
18 months
Term
name the two types of posturing
Definition
flexion and extension
Term
flecion posture indicates what
Definition
cerebral damage
Term
extension dysfunctiobn indicates what type of dysfunction
Definition
midbrain or brainstem
Term
anascoria indicates what
Definition
an emergency
Term
doll's eyes (when you turn head and the eyes do not move in the opposite direction) could indicate what
Definition
brain damage; emergency
Term
emergency measure of the unconscious child include what 3
Definition
correction of shock, patent airway, decrease ICP
Term
contiuously monitor what with a child who was unconscious
Definition
LOC, pupillary reaction, V/S
Term
medications given for ICP can include what
Definition
anticonvulsant, diuretics, abx
Term
in ICP, how is the pt. positioned
Definition
30 degrees w/o turning THE HEAD side to side
Term
what nursing intervention should be limited for the child with ICP
Definition
suctioning
Term
what alteration of thermoregulation may happen with icp
Definition
hyperthermia
Term
3 major causes of head injury are
Definition
falls, MVA, bicycle accident
Term
when the brain changes shape and bruises from force of impact
Definition
coup
Term
when the brain collides with unyeilding surfaces far removed from the point of impact
Definition
contrecoup
Term
what is a concussion
Definition
traumatically induced alteration in consciousness
Term
a concussion results in what symptoms
Definition
nausea, vomiting, amnesia, headache (may or may not lose consciousness)
Term
amount of brain injury is related to
Definition
the force of the blow
Term
signs of minor head injury include what
Definition
confusion, listlessness, pallor, vomiting, irritability
Term
severe acute head injury results in what symptoms
Definition
ICP, *buldging fontanel, retinal hemorrhage, loss of movement, unsteady gate
Term
what are some symptoms of a neuroblastoma
Definition
AMS, falls, change in school performance, HA
Term
a HUGE sign of concussion is what
Definition
headache
Term
when are NB's usually dx
Definition
in late stage
Term
where does NB usually metastisize
Definition
lymph, skin, marrow, liver
Term
after head injury, how should they be positioned
Definition
slightly elevated
Term
what percautions are instituted with head injury
Definition
seizure
Term
if HA wakes them up at night, may be a sign of what
Definition
neuroblastoma
Term
better survival rate depends on what of NB
Definition
age of diagnosis (younger, better)
Term
what are the signs of meningitis
Definition
neck pain, HA, vomiting, fever
Term
name 2 vaccines that can be given to prevent meningitis in children
Definition
HIB, pneumococcal
Term
what test is doen to dx meningitis
Definition
lumbar puncture
Term
what is bacterial meningitis tx with
Definition
IV abx
Term
what is added to symptoms with viral meningitis
Definition
GI symptoms
Term
how is meningitis transmitted
Definition
droplet from nasopharyngeal secretions
Term
kids with meningitis are placed on what precautions
Definition
isolation
Term
treatment of viral meningitis focuses on what
Definition
symptom management (fluids, rest, tylenol)
Term
what positioning should not be done with meningitis
Definition
moving the neck
Term
all kids with meningitis will be monitored for what
Definition
shock, resp distress, and ICP, seizures, temp
Term
what is a common complication of meningitis
Definition
hearing loss
Term
kids who have meningitis will be on what type of monitor
Definition
cardiac
Term
encephalitis occurs because of what
Definition
invasion of the CNS of a viral disease
Term
signs of encephalitis include what
Definition
headache, neck stiffness, nausea, tremors, AMS, speech difficulties
Term
3 animals that transmit rabies
Definition
racoons bats skunks
Term
name signs of rabies
Definition
general malaise, fever, sore throat, apnea, cyanosis, maniacal behavior, seizures
Term
what is important for a provider to ask about rabies
Definition
if animal had shots
Term
rabies is treated with what two
Definition
immunoglobulins and vaccine
Term
reye syndrome is what
Definition
toxic encephalopathy with organ involvement
Term
pathologically, what occurs with RS
Definition
cerebral edema and fatty changes to the liver
Term
noticeable symptoms of reye include what
Definition
profuse vomiting, neurological impairment,
Term
dx of reye syndrome is done with
Definition
liver biopsy
Term
nursing management of reye include
Definition
monitor hydration (I/O), lab studies (coagulation, alt/ast)
Term
what leads to good outcomes with reye
Definition
aggressive therapy and early dx
Term
the tonic phase lasts how long
Definition
10-20 seconds (eyes roll, drop, stiffen)
Term
clonic phase lasts how long
Definition
30 seconds of violent jerking with foaming at the mouth, incontinence,
Term
postictal phase they are what
Definition
relaxed, sleepy, difficult to wake up, confused, vomit, HA
Term
involves both hemispheres of the brain without local onset
Definition
generalized seizure
Term
with partial seizures u do not have what 2
Definition
confusion or impaired consciousness
Term
status epilepticus is what
Definition
greater than 30 minutes or series of seizures when they fail to regain consciousness
Term
4 treatments of seizures
Definition
meds, ketogenic diet, vagus stimulation, surgery
Term
ketogenic diet is what
Definition
high fat, low carb, adequate protein
Term
side effects of ketogenic diet is what
Definition
lethargy, stones, constipation, wt loss
Term
epilepsy is a hx of how many seizures
Definition
2 or more
Term
how long are they on seizure meds when seizure free
Definition
2 years, then decrease and stop meds
Term
if a febrile seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, what should they do
Definition
call 911
Term
febrile seizure is caused by
Definition
fever or electrolyte imbalance
Term
for a febrile seizure, tmep is usually around
Definition
101
Term
when the frontal part of the head is buldging
Definition
bossing
Term
sings of hydrocephalus are what
Definition
depressed eyes, setting sun sign, headache relieved by vomiting or sitting up, strabismus, confusion
Term
how is hydro tx
Definition
direct removal of obstruction or place a VP shunt
Term
name to complications of shunt placement
Definition
infection and shunt malfunction
Term
what is monitored with hydro
Definition
ICP, measure head circumference daily, LOC
Term
after shunt placement how is the child positioned
Definition
flat and on unoperative side
Term
what is important to assess to detect malfunction of the shunt
Definition
abdominal distension
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