Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
F > M
(1.4-3.1x more likely) |
|
|
Term
| Incidence 20x _____ in 1st gen relatives |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MS = Autoimmune reaction attacking ______ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Most frequent sites of plaques (4) |
|
Definition
optic nerves
brainstem
cerebellum
spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| Demyelination by direct & indirect mechanisms |
|
Definition
Direct: antibody-mediated/cell-mediated immunity
Indirect: secretion of lymphokines/cytokines |
|
|
Term
| Ultrastructural characteristics of plaques (4) |
|
Definition
1. separation of outer lamellae
2. degeneration in myelin
3. phagocytosis of myelin
4. preservation of axons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more energy required to conduct nerve impulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
medical hx
neuro exam
evoked potentials
MRI
lumbar puncture |
|
|
Term
| Signs of "definite" MS (4) |
|
Definition
≥2 bouts separated by ≥1 mo OR progressive for ≥6 mos
neurologic signs in ≥1 fxnl system of CNS
onset at 10-50 yo
absence of other explanation |
|
|
Term
| Signs of "probable" MS (5) |
|
Definition
hx of relapsing/remitting s/sx
only one current sign
single bout of symptoms
good recovery >> variable s/sx
absence of other explanation |
|
|
Term
| Signs of "possible" MS (3) |
|
Definition
hx of relapsing/remitting s/sx
no documentation of signs for ≥1 lesion
absence of other explanation |
|
|
Term
| CSF results confirming demyelination (3) |
|
Definition
incr in immunoglobulin concentrations
incr protein level
incr cell count (1º T-lymphocytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relapsing-remitting (85%),
primary progressive,
secondary progressive,
progressive-relapsing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relapses with recovery; remissions show no visible disease progression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| continued progression from onset, without remissions/plateaus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relapsing-remitting >> progression at variable rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| progressive from onset, with clear relapses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fatigue,
diplopia,
blurred vision,
weakness,
sensory changes (ascending numbness),
intention tremor,
bladder control probs,
incoordination,
heat intolerance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "internuclear opthalmoplegia" (lesion in MLF) |
|
|
Term
| Greatest sensation loss in MS pt is usually: |
|
Definition
| dorsal column info (>spinothalamic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increased weakness/spasticity,
cerebellar ataxia,
scanning speech (overshoot speaking, decr prosody)
Lhermitte's sign,
incr numbness,
emotional lability |
|
|
Term
| Unfavorable prognostic signs (5) |
|
Definition
initially progressive course
male
high EDSS scores
fxnl systems involved
incr motor system deficits |
|
|
Term
| Favorable prognostic signs (5) |
|
Definition
onset before 30 yo
female
complete recoveries during remission
sensory system involvement
longer initial remission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Treat relapses (immunosuppression c corticosteroids)
Prevent relapses (Interferon)
Address spasticity (Baclofen, Dantrolene, Diazepam) |
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