Term
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Definition
uMultipolar: > or = 3 dendrites; one long axon; most common type
uBipolar: elongated cell body; two processes ending in dendrites or axon with end terminals (olfactory, retinal, spiral and scarpas ganglion)
uPseudo-Unipolar: single process (axon) arises from cell body and divides (dorsal root ganglion)
uUnipolar: extremely rare; axon arises from s[image]ite of dendrites |
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Term
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Definition
| In neurons, is ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulim |
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Term
What microtubules in nerves do?
What stabilizes them? |
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Definition
axonal transport
Stabilized by MAP and TAU |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Fast anterograde axonal transport
- speed
- protein |
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Definition
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Term
Fast retrograde axonal transport
- Speed
- protein
- diseases
- tracing techniques |
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Definition
50-200 mm/day
Dynein
Diseases: HSV, polio, rabies
Tracing technique: HRP (horse-radish peroxidase) |
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Term
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Definition
- Astrocytes
- Oligodendrocytes
- Microglia
- Ependymal cells |
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Term
Astrocyte cells
- Functions (5)
- Staining
- Subgroups (3) |
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Definition
- Functions: insulate, uptake of neurotransmitters, K regulation, Ca2+ regulation, glutamate regulation
- All stain + for GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)
- Protoplasmic (regular, form barriers with end feet), Fibrous (in white matter, repair damage), Muller cells (in retina)
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Term
| 2 types of oligodendrocytes |
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Definition
- Interfascicular: in white matter, involved in myelination
- Perineural: in grey matter |
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Term
| Microglia embryologic origin, and their role |
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Definition
mesoderm (are the only one)
phagocytose damaged CNS structures |
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Term
| Where are ependymal cells and what do they do? |
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Definition
| Form a single layer along ventricles and spinal cord. Have microvilli for absorption and cilia to help CSF flow |
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Term
| What cell myelinates peripheral axons and in what configuration? |
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Definition
Schwann cells
one cell per part of one axon |
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Term
| What cell myelinates central axons and in what configuration? |
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Definition
Oligodendrocytes
One cells projects to numerous axons |
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Term
| 3 Schwann cell diseases and their defective proteins |
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Definition
- Charcot Marie Tooth = proteolipid myelin protein 22
- Infantile CMT= Proteolipid protein P0
- x-linked CMT= Connexin 32
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