Term
| definiton of a sedative drug |
|
Definition
| decreases pt acitivty and calms them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produces drowsiness like the onset of sleep |
|
|
Term
| how hard is it to rouse a person from the sleep due to a hypnotic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| benzodiazepines target what drug system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
GABA is amde from what?
what is the converting enzyme? |
|
Definition
glutamic acid
GAD(glut acid decarboxylase) |
|
|
Term
which gaba receptor is ligand gated?
what ion does it increase? what does this cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
which GABA receptor is metabotropic ?
where is it abdunant at in the body?
what substance does it decrease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short lasting GABA A has high or low concentration? |
|
Definition
| higher inhibition abaility |
|
|
Term
| do BZs directly act on the GABA A receptor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Gaba A receptor:
how many alpha subunits
beta?
gamma?
most common mammalian structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
BZs bind to which GABA alpha receptors?
which ones dont they bind to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
GABA A alpha 6 receptors are found a lot where?
what does this control?
how do BZs affect motor control? |
|
Definition
cerebellum
motor and balance
not at all |
|
|
Term
| what does the alpha 1 subunit control? -3 |
|
Definition
hynotic/sedation
anticonvulsant
antereograde amnesia |
|
|
Term
| what alpha subunit is resp for anxiolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what is pi pi stacking
what is an example?
what amino acids form this? |
|
Definition
weak bonding of parallels
multiple bonds are strong
DNA
aromatic: Phe, Tyr |
|
|
Term
BZs are what kind of receptor mosulator of GABA?
this means? |
|
Definition
a;llosteric
even at high doses they dont direct open the recpetor |
|
|
Term
combo of BZ and _ can be lethal?
why? |
|
Definition
alcohol
cause respiratoy depressoin |
|
|
Term
what is the antidote for BZs?
what cna this drug not be an antidote for?-2 |
|
Definition
flumazenil
barbituates
ethanol |
|
|
Term
| BZs dont really affect what part of the sleep cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which BZ is useful for status epilectus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do BZs have paradoxical effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pharmacological effects of BZs-4 |
|
Definition
sedation
reduced anxiety
anteretrgorade amnesia
reducded muscle tone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no effect on liver
usually long half life |
|
|
Term
| the metabolism of BZs invovles what 2 processes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the BZ example most tlaked about? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do overdoses with BZs compares with barbituates and alcohol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reduction of reaction time (traffic!)
ataxia/falls
addictive pro[perties |
|
|
Term
what is the main addivtive properties?-2
which type of BZs have them more? |
|
Definition
rebpound insomnia and anxiety
shjort acting |
|
|
Term
| whihc BZ is used for cocain withdrawal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| date rapre drug (but no alcohol odor!) |
|
|
Term
| avoid using BZs with what type of ppl |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| withdrawal of BZs symptoms-2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| long half life hypnotic BZs-2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short half lide hypnotic BZs-1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
medium hal;f life BZs-2
what effect do they have? |
|
Definition
estrazolam
temazepam
like a hangover |
|
|
Term
what is the Z drug (non BZ)
what recpt is it more selective for?
what are other Z drugs like this |
|
Definition
zolpidem
alpha 1
zaleplon
eszopiclone |
|
|
Term
Zol[idem has mroe of this effect but less of this one?
what is its potential for abuse? |
|
Definition
sedation
anxio;lytic
less than diazepam |
|
|
Term
| Z drugs are what kind of recpot modulators? |
|
Definition
| postive al;;lpsteric modulators (PAM) |
|
|
Term
what Z drugs are alpha 1 selctive hypnotics?
what does this mean? |
|
Definition
zaleplon
zolpidem
no withdrawal or depednce |
|
|
Term
what barbituates where used for anesthesia?
how long are they effective for? |
|
Definition
methohexital
thiopental
only few minutes |
|
|
Term
| what barbiutaes were used for pre OP sedation |
|
Definition
amobarbital
pentobarbital
secobarbital |
|
|
Term
| which barbiutate was used for anticonvulsion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at high doses barbituates CAN open GABA directly- what does this mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which type of dug class is strong inductioon of CYP 450s? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high doses of barbituaes does what? -2 |
|
Definition
| respiratory and cariovasc depresison |
|
|
Term
what effects do barbituates have? -3
what doesnt it have?-1 |
|
Definition
sedation, anticonvuls, REM supression
anxiolytic |
|
|
Term
| BZs are drug of chopice bc they have low/high therapuetic index? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug is the agonist of melatonin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does timulation of melatonin M! and MT2 recptors do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Ramelteon:
bioavilability? why? when is it 2x higher/?
primarly metab by what? so have to watch for this in what ppl? |
|
Definition
1.8%; first pass metab; elderly
CYP1A2
smokers |
|
|
Term
use melatonin to treat what?
what dont you use it for? |
|
Definition
|
|
