Term
| Nervous system develops from ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Notochord develops at ___ weeks |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| process by which neural tube forms from neural plate |
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Term
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Definition
| failure of anterior neuropore to close |
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Term
| During neural tube formation, how many vesicles form AT FIRST and name them? |
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Definition
3
Prosencephalon (forebrain)
Mesencephalon (midbrain)
Rhombancephalon (hindbrain) |
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Term
| During neural tube formation, how many vesicles eventually form? Name them and what adult derivatives they form. |
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Definition
5
- Telencephalon (olfactory lobes, hippocampus, cerebrum)
- Diencephalon (optic vesicle, thalamus, hypothalamus)
- Mesensephalon (midbrain)
- Metencephalon (cerebellum and pons)
- Myelencephalon (medulla)
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Term
| Neural tube fully formed at ___ weeks |
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Definition
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Term
Joubert Syndrome
- Cause and result
- MRI
- Symptoms (4)
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Definition
- Cause: Metencephalon dysgenesis and dysgenesis of cerebellar vermis
- MRI: molar tooth sign
- Symptoms: development delay, hyperapneas, jerky eye movements, unsteady gait
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Term
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Definition
Metancephalon dysgenesis
Results:
- Congenital facial diplegia with convergent strabismus (cross eyed)
- Lack facial nerve and nuclei
- Lingual palsy, dysplastic tongue, palate abnormalities
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Term
| What is the sulcus limitans? |
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Definition
| Midline of spinal cord during development |
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Term
| What does bone morphogenic protein (BMP) do? |
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Definition
| TGFbeta protein that uses a serine/threonin kinase to tell ectoderm to become skin instead of a neuron (the default path) |
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Term
| What inhibits BMP and what does this cause? |
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Definition
| Chordin, Noggin, etc inhibit BMP so that ectoderm becomes a neuron |
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Term
| What does Sonic Hedgehog Protein do? |
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Definition
| Induces differentiation in floor plate cells, central motor neurons, and interneurons |
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Term
| What induces differentiation of dorsal interneurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What signal tells Rhombomeres (embryonic neural tube swellings) what they are going to become |
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Definition
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Term
| What homeobox transcription factor determines anterior forebrain and eye development? |
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Definition
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Term
| What homeobox transcription factor determines posterior forebrain and cerebellum development? |
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Definition
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Term
| Signaling by what determines cell lineage in the cortex (oligodendrocyte vs astrocyte vs neuron)? |
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Definition
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Term
How many layers of cerebral cortex form and in what order does it form?
How do these neurons migrate? |
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Definition
6 layers
Forms inside out
migrate with the help of radial glial cells and microtubule associated motors |
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Term
| Axons grow from a growth cone using filopodia. What signal tells the cone NOT to grow in that direction? |
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Definition
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Term
Kallman Syndrome
- What is it
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Definition
Congenital anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to failure of hypothalamus to release GnRH (because the neurons fail to migrate across the cribiform plate)
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Term
Rare congenital forms of myasthenic syndromes are associated with ___ and ___ mutations
- What these proteins do |
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Definition
Agrin and Rapsyn
Agrin activates rapsyn which aggregates AchR's to the neuromuscular junction in nerve terminal formation |
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